ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2021
Prognostic Role of Immune Checkpoint Regulators in Cholangiocarcinoma: A Pilot Study.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Advances in Immunotherapy for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Harnessing cellular immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma: an integrated roadmap for overcoming resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- The Immune-Genomics of Cholangiocarcinoma: A Biological Footprint to Develop Novel Immunotherapies.Cancers · 2025Review
- The role of pregnancy associated plasma protein-A in triple negative breast cancer: a promising target for achieving clinical benefits.Journal of biomedical science · 2024Review
- Evaluation of the serotonin pathway as a biomarker in cholangiocarcinoma.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2023Article
- Pan-cancer analysis identifies SPEN mutation as a predictive biomarker with the efficacy of immunotherapy.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Crosstalk between Immune Checkpoint Modulators, Metabolic Reprogramming and Cellular Plasticity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Review
- The Interplay of Tumor Vessels and Immune Cells Affects Immunotherapy of Glioblastoma.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Improvement of the anticancer efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade via combination therapy and PD-L1 regulation.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2022Review
- CD73 and PD-L1 as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Gallbladder Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a hepatobiliary malignancy associated with steadily increasing incidence and poor prognosis. Ongoing clinical trials are assessing the effectiveness and safety of a few immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in CCA patients. However, these ICI treatments as monotherapies may be effective for a proportion of patients with CCA. The prevalence and distribution of other immune checkpoints (ICs) in CCA remain unclear. In this pilot study, we screened databases of CCA patients for the expression of 19 ICs and assessed the prognostic significance of these ICs in CCA patients. Notably, expression of immune modulator IDO1 and PD-L1 were linked with poor overall survival, while FASLG and NT5E were related to both worse overall survival and progression-free survival. We also identified immune modulators IDO1, FASLG, CD80, HAVCR2, NT5E, CTLA-4, LGALS9, VTCN1 and TNFRSF14 that synergized with PD-L1 and correlated with worse patient outcomes. In vitro studies revealed that the expression of ICs was closely linked with aggressive CCA subpopulations, such as cancer stem cells and cells undergoing TGF-β and TNF-α-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. These findings suggest that the aforementioned IC molecules may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers and drug targets in CCA patients, leading to lasting and durable treatment outcomes.
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Registered trials
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