ReviewChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Early Microbial-Immune Interactions and Innate Immune Training of the Respiratory System during Health and Disease.
Review in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural polysaccharides with the reduction of intestinal barrier damage in cardiovascular diseases.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Assessment of upper respiratory and gut bacterial microbiomes during COVID-19 infection in adults: potential aerodigestive transmission.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Digestive dynamics: Unveiling interplay between the gut microbiota and the liver in macronutrient metabolism and hepatic metabolic health.Physiological reports · 2024Review
- Early life acute infections and risk for cow's milk protein allergy or atopic dermatitis at 6 months of age in high risk for allergy infants.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Intensive antibiotic treatment of sows with parenteral crystalline ceftiofur and tulathromycin alters the composition of the nasal microbiota of their offspring.Veterinary research · 2023Article
- Early Gut Microbiota Profile in Healthy Neonates: Microbiome Analysis of the First-Pass Meconium Using Next-Generation Sequencing Technology.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Early childhood respiratory tract infections according to parental subfertility and conception by assisted reproductive technologies.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2022Article
- Human neonatal and infant airway epithelial biology: the new frontier for developmental immunology.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2022Article
- Dual Effect of Low-Molecular-Weight Bioregulators of Bacterial Origin in Experimental Model of Asthma.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Human matters in asthma: Considering the microbiome in pulmonary health.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Over the past two decades, several studies have positioned early-life microbial exposure as a key factor for protection or susceptibility to respiratory diseases. Birth cohorts have identified a strong link between neonatal bacterial colonization of the nasal airway and gut with the risk for respiratory infections and childhood asthma. Translational studies have provided companion mechanistic insights on how viral and bacterial exposures in early life affect immune development at the respiratory mucosal barrier. In this review, we summarize and discuss our current understanding of how early microbial-immune interactions occur during infancy, with a particular focus on the emergent paradigm of "innate immune training". Future human-based studies including newborns and infants are needed to inform the timing and key pathways implicated in the development, maturation, and innate training of the airway immune response, and how early microbiota and virus exposures modulate these processes in the respiratory system during health and disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.