Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34068768›Full record

ArticlePolymers2021

Fabrication and Characterization of Chitosan-Tamarind Seed Polysaccharide Composite Film for Transdermal Delivery of Protein/Peptide.

Rishabha Malviya, Anchal Tyagi, Shivkanya Fuloria, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Kathiresan Sathasivam, Sonali Sundram, Sundram Karupiah, Srikumar Chakravarthi, Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan Meenakshi, Nandan Gupta and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Dihydromyricetin-LoadedPharmaceutics · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Chitosan-Based Antibacterial Films for Biomedical and Food Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Rishabha MalviyaDepartment of Pharmacy, SMAS, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Gautam Budha Nagar 201310, India.
Anchal TyagiDepartment of Pharmacy, SMAS, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Gautam Budha Nagar 201310, India.
Shivkanya FuloriaFaculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Malaysia.
Vetriselvan SubramaniyanFaculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur 42610, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-9629-9494
Kathiresan SathasivamFaculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Malaysia.
Sonali SundramDepartment of Pharmacy, SMAS, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Gautam Budha Nagar 201310, India.
Sundram KarupiahFaculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Malaysia.
Srikumar ChakravarthiFaculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur 42610, Malaysia.
Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan MeenakshiCollege of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat 130, Oman.ORCID 0000-0002-2689-4079
Nandan GuptaDepartment of Pharmacy, SMAS, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Gautam Budha Nagar 201310, India.ORCID 0000-0001-9845-7655
Mahendran SekarDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh 30450, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-3022-6137
Kalvatala SudhakarSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences (LIT-Pharmacy), Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India.
Neeraj Kumar FuloriaFaculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Malaysia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Transdermal drug delivery is used to deliver a drug by eliminating the first-pass metabolism, which increases the bioavailability of the drug. The present study aims to formulate the chitosan-tamarind seed polysaccharide composite films and evaluate for the delivery of protein/peptide molecules. Nine formulations were prepared and evaluated by using different parameters, such as physical appearance, folding endurance, thickness of film, surface pH, weight variation, drug content, surface morphology, percentage moisture intake and uptake, drug release kinetics, and drug permeability. The film weight variance was observed between 0.34 ± 0.002 to 0.47 ± 0.003 g. The drug level of the prepared films was found to be between 96 ± 1.21 and 98 ± 1.33μg. Their intake of moisture ranged between 2.83 ± 0.002 and 3.76 ± 0.001 (%). The moisture absorption of the films ranged from 5.33 ± 0.22 to 10.02 ± 0.61 (%). SEM images revealed a smooth film surface, while minor cracks were found in the film after permeation tests. During the first 4 days, drug release was between 13.75 ± 1.64% and 22.54 ± 1.34% and from day 5 to day 6, it was between 72.67 ± 2.13% and 78.33 ± 3.13%. Drug permeation during the first 4 days was 15.78 ± 1.23 %. Drug permeation (%) during the first 4 days was between 15.78 ± 1.23 and 22.49 ± 1.29 and from day 5 to day 6, it was between 71.49 ± 3.21 and 77.93 ± 3.20.

Indexed as

drug deliveryHixson-Crowell kineticspeptide deliverytransdermal film

Identifiers

PMID34068768
PMCPMC8126253

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.