ArticleTropical medicine and infectious disease2021
National Antibiotic Consumption for Human Use in Sierra Leone (2017-2019): A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Tropical medicine and infectious disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dramatic increase in consumption of antibiotics in Colombia, 2020-2023Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2026Article
- Early-life carriage and antibiotic resistance ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Consumption and Utilisation in Zambia: Results from the Analysis of National Data for the Human and Animal Health Sectors.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- National consumption of antimicrobials in Tanzania: 2020-2022.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- Increasing the use of the WHO AWaRe system in antibiotic surveillance and stewardship programmes in low- and middle-income countries.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Review
- National antibiotic consumption for human use in Chad (2017-2021): a descriptive cross-sectional study.Frontiers in antibiotics · 2025Article
- Article
- Assessment of antibiotic consumption patterns in hospital and primary healthcare using WHO Access, Watch and Reserve classification (AWaRe) in Sichuan Western China: 2020.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2024Article
- Achieving sustainable access to antibiotics is more than just a last mile challenge.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Article
- Advancing global antibiotic research, development and access.Nature medicine · 2024Review
- Physicochemical quality assessment of various brands of paracetamol tablets sold in Freetown Municipality.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Article
- Antibiotic use among hospitalised patients in Sierra Leone: a national point prevalence survey using the WHO survey methodology.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Metallo-β-lactamases immobilized by magnetic zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 for degradation of β-lactam antibiotics in an aqueous environment.RSC advances · 2023Article
- Antibiotic use and consumption among medical patients of two hospitals in Sierra Leone: a descriptive report.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Antibiotic use and consumption in Freetown, Sierra Leone: A baseline report of prescription stewardship in outpatient clinics of three tertiary hospitals.IJID regions · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial Consumption from 2017 to 2021 in East Trinidad and Tobago: A Study in the English-Speaking Caribbean.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A three years antimicrobials consumption in Ethiopia from 2017 to 2019: A cross- sectional study.PloS one · 2023Article
- High levels of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis: Implications for hospital-based antibiotic stewardship in Sierra Leone.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2022Article
- Antibiotic consumption in the public sector of the Limpopo province, South Africa, 2014-2018.Southern African journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
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17 authors.
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Abstract
Monitoring antibiotic consumption is crucial to tackling antimicrobial resistance. However, currently there is no system in Sierra Leone for recording and reporting on antibiotic consumption. We therefore conducted a cross-sectional study to assess national antibiotic consumption expressed as defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day using all registered and imported antibiotics (categorized under the subgroup J01 under the anatomical and therapeutic classification (ATC) system) as a proxy. Between 2017-2019, total cumulative consumption of antibiotics was 19 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day. The vast majority consisted of oral antibiotics (98.4%), while parenteral antibiotics made up 1.6%. According to therapeutic/pharmacological subgroups (ATC level 3), beta-lactam/penicillins, quinolones, and other antibacterials (mainly oral metronidazole) comprised 65% of total consumption. According to WHO Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe), 65% of antibiotics consumed were Access, 31% were Watch, and no Reserve antibiotics were reported. The top ten oral antibiotics represented 97% of total oral antibiotics consumed, with metronidazole (35%) and ciprofloxacin (15%) together constituting half of the total. Of parenteral antibiotics consumed, procaine penicillin (32%) and ceftriaxone (19%) together comprised half of the total. Policy recommendations at global and national levels have been made to improve monitoring of antibiotic consumption and antibiotic stewardship.
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