ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Atovaquone Suppresses Triple-Negative Breast Tumor Growth by Reducing Immune-Suppressive Cells.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- The oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor, atovaquone, upregulates PD-L1 via activation of the ATM/ATR DNA damage response pathway.Research square · 2026Article
- Drug Repurposing in Oncology: A Strategic Pathway to Unlocking New Therapeutic Potential.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cells in the breast cancer tumor microenvironment: new mechanisms, potential therapeutic strategies and future perspectives.American journal of cancer research · 2026Review
- Atovaquone-induced oxidative stress activates the pentose phosphate pathway and Immunogenic cell death in ovarian cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Reprogramming the breast tumor immune microenvironment: cold-to-hot transition for enhanced immunotherapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Review
- Reprogramming tumor immune microenvironment by milbemycin oxime results in pancreatic tumor growth suppression and enhanced anti-PD-1 efficacy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Potentials of ribosomopathy gene as pharmaceutical targets for cancer treatment.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Review
- Patterns of immune evasion in triple-negative breast cancer and new potential therapeutic targets: a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Novel therapeutic strategies targeting myeloid-derived suppressor cell immunosuppressive mechanisms for cancer treatment.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2024Review
- Repurposing approved non-oncology drugs for cancer therapy: a comprehensive review of mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical prospects.European journal of medical research · 2023Review
- MDSCs in breast cancer: an important enabler of tumor progression and an emerging therapeutic target.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- Isobavachalcone Induces Multiple Cell Death in Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Microenvironment components and spatially resolved single-cell transcriptome atlas of breast cancer metastatic axillary lymph nodes.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2022Article
- Editorial for the Special Issue "New Drugs for Breast Cancer Treatment".International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- The Immune Landscape of Breast Cancer: Strategies for Overcoming Immunotherapy Resistance.Cancers · 2021Review
- Extracellular Matrix Signals as Drivers of Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Metabolic Plasticity of Cancer Cells During Metastasis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A major contributing factor in triple-negative breast cancer progression is its ability to evade immune surveillance. One mechanism for this immunosuppression is through ribosomal protein S19 (RPS19), which facilitates myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) recruitment in tumors, which generate cytokines TGF-β and IL-10 and induce regulatory T cells (Tregs), all of which are immunosuppressive and enhance tumor progression. Hence, enhancing the immune system in breast tumors could be a strategy for anticancer therapeutics. The present study evaluated the immune response of atovaquone, an antiprotozoal drug, in three independent breast-tumor models. Our results demonstrated that oral administration of atovaquone reduced HCC1806, CI66 and 4T1 paclitaxel-resistant (4T1-PR) breast-tumor growth by 45%, 70% and 42%, respectively. MDSCs, TGF-β, IL-10 and Tregs of blood and tumors were analyzed from all of these in vivo models. Our results demonstrated that atovaquone treatment in mice bearing HCC1806 tumors reduced MDSCs from tumor and blood by 70% and 30%, respectively. We also observed a 25% reduction in tumor MDSCs in atovaquone-treated mice bearing CI66 and 4T1-PR tumors. In addition, a decrease in TGF-β and IL-10 in tumor lysates was observed in atovaquone-treated mice with a reduction in tumor Tregs. Moreover, a significant reduction in the expression of RPS19 was found in tumors treated with atovaquone.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.