ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2021
Morphometrical Study of the Lumbar Segment of the Internal Vertebral Venous Plexus in Dogs: A Contrast CT-Based Study.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Vertebral Vascular Canal Dysplasia in Three Brachycephalic Breeds and Its Relationship With BOAS Grade.Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association · 2026Article
- Venous valves of the head and neck: a narrative review.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2026Review
- Primary Prostatic Carcinoma with Metastasis to Epaxial Muscles and Myocardium in a Dog.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- SpIC3D imaging for spinal in situ contrast 3D visualization.Cell reports methods · 2025Article
- Vertebral vascular canal dysplasia in cats: signalment, CT and MRI characteristics, and prevalence.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Evaluation of anatomic landmarks to increase precision performing a mini-hemilaminectomy-anFrontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Hemorrhagic encephalopathies and myelopathies in dogs and cats: a focus on classification.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- Advances in Animal Anatomy.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, surgical features and comparison of surgically treated intervertebral disc extrusion in French bulldogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Case report: Surgical treatment and long-term successful outcome of a spinal intramedullary vascular malformation in a dog.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Prevalence and clinical features of thoracolumbar intervertebral disc-associated epidural hemorrhage in dogs.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
The internal vertebral venous plexus (IVVP) is a thin-walled, valveless venous network that is located inside the vertebral canal, communicating with the cerebral venous sinuses. The objective of this study was to perform a morphometric analysis of the IVVP, dural sac, epidural space and vertebral canal between the L1 and L7 vertebrae with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Six clinically healthy adult dogs weighing between 12 kg to 28 kg were used in the study. The CT venographic protocol consisted of a manual injection of 880 mgI/kg of contrast agent (587 mgI/kg in a bolus and 293 mgI/mL by continuous infusion). In all CT images, the dimensions of the IVVP, dural sac, and vertebral canal were collected. Dorsal reconstruction CT images showed a continuous rhomboidal morphological pattern for the IVVP. The dural sac was observed as a rounded isodense structure throughout the vertebral canal. The average area of the IVVP ranged from 0.61 to 0.74 mm
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