ReviewJournal of functional morphology and kinesiology2021
Biological Determinants of Track and Field Throwing Performance.
Review in Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07783997 (Association of Thrower's Ten Conditioning With Changes in Throwing Distance and Shoulder Strength in Amateur Male Discus Throwers), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Association of Thrower's Ten Conditioning With Changes in Throwing Distance and Shoulder Strength in Amateur Male Discus Throwers: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The science of adapted throws: a systematic search and narrative evidence synthesis.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Pooled it
- Caffeine Enhances Some Aspects of Physical Performance in Well-Trained Hammer and Discus Throwers.Nutrients · 2024Trial
- A Unified Ranking Model for Evaluating Snatch and Clean and Jerk Performances Across Body Mass and Sex.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Phase angle, impedance ratio, and athletic performance of young adult Japanese track and field throwers.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Beyond chronological age: maturity offset is positively associated with performance in throwing-related tests in youth track and field throwing athletes.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Predicting athletic performance in track and field athletes based on wearable physiological and psychological indicators: an interpretable machine learning study.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Acute Effects of Nordic Hamstring Exercise on Hamstring Stiffness: A Randomised Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Physical Fitness in World-Class Shot Put Para Athletes During Six Months of Training: A Longitudinal Case Report.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Relationship Between Early and Maximal Isometric Upper-Body Push and Pull Force Production Among Elite Female and Male Swedish Track and Field Throwers.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Footwork recognition and trajectory tracking in track and field based on image processing.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effects of a Sprint Post-Activation Performance Enhancement Stimulus on Discus Throw Performance in Collegiate Division I Throwers: A Pilot Study.International journal of exercise science · 2025Article
- Effect of Kinematic Chain Exercise Protocol on Throwing Performance and Shoulder Muscle Strength among University Shot Put Athletes-A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Effects of Supramaximal Anderson Quarter-squats as a Potentiating Stimulus on Discus Performance in Division I Throwers: A Pilot Study.International journal of exercise science · 2024Article
- Physical fitness and motor competence performance characteristics of Chinese elite youth athletes from four track and field throwing disciplines-a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Biomechanics of the Hammer Throw: Narrative Review.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Track and field throwing performance is determined by a number of biomechanical and biological factors which are affected by long-term training. Although much of the research has focused on the role of biomechanical factors on track and field throwing performance, only a small body of scientific literature has focused on the connection of biological factors with competitive track and field throwing performance. The aim of this review was to accumulate and present the current literature connecting the performance in track and field throwing events with specific biological factors, including the anthropometric characteristics, the body composition, the neural activation, the fiber type composition and the muscle architecture characteristics. While there is little published information to develop statistical results, the results from the current review suggest that major biological determinants of track and field throwing performance are the size of lean body mass, the neural activation of the protagonist muscles during the throw and the percentage of type II muscle fiber cross-sectional area. Long-term training may enhance these biological factors and possibly lead to a higher track and field throwing performance. Consequently, coaches and athletes should aim at monitoring and enhancing these parameters in order to increase track and field throwing performance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.