ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
High Levels of the Cleaved Form of Galectin-9 and Osteopontin in the Plasma Are Associated with Inflammatory Markers That Reflect the Severity of COVID-19 Pneumonia.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Organokines in COVID-19: A Systematic Review.Cells · 2023Pooled it
- Galectins can serve as biomarkers in COVID-19: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Musculoskeletal Complications in COVID-19: Exploring the Role of Key Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Galectins and Liver Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Dynamics of osteopontin levels and correlation with parasitemia in acute malaria in Uganda and Sweden.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Association of SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity with Persistent Immune Activation in HIV/Tuberculosis Co-Infected Patients.Reports (MDPI) · 2024Article
- Human galectin-9 potently enhances SARS-CoV-2 replication and inflammation in airway epithelial cells.Journal of molecular cell biology · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Biomarkers at the Crossroad between Patient Stratification and Targeted Therapy: The Role of Validated and Proposed Parameters.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Baseline Plasma Osteopontin Protein Elevation Predicts Adverse Outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients.Viruses · 2023Observational
- Plasma N-Cleaved Galectin-9 Is a Surrogate Marker for Determining the Severity of COVID-19 and Monitoring the Therapeutic Effects of Tocilizumab.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- A virological view of tenascin-C in infection.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2023Review
- COVID-19 Molecular Pathophysiology: Acetylation of Repurposing Drugs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Immune checkpoint alterations and their blockade in COVID-19 patients.Blood science (Baltimore, Md.) · 2022Review
- Galectins: Their Network and Roles in Infection/Immunity/Tumor Growth Control 2021.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Cellular and Molecular Mechanism of Pulmonary Fibrosis Post-COVID-19: Focus on Galectin-1, -3, -8, -9.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Article
- Hematopoietic responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Review
- Review
- The unfavorable clinical outcome of COVID-19 in smokers is mediated by H3K4me3, H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 histone marks.Epigenomics · 2022Review
- Galectin-1 as the new player in staging and prognosis of COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Numbers of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have increased rapidly worldwide. Plasma levels of full-length galectin-9 (FL-Gal9) and osteopontin (FL-OPN) as well as their truncated forms (Tr-Gal9, Ud-OPN, respectively), are representative inflammatory biomarkers. Here, we measured FL-Gal9, FL-OPN, Tr-Gal9, and Ud-OPN in 94 plasma samples obtained from 23 COVID-19-infected patients with mild clinical symptoms (CV), 25 COVID-19 patients associated with pneumonia (CP), and 14 patients with bacterial infection (ID). The four proteins were significantly elevated in the CP group when compared with healthy individuals. ROC analysis between the CV and CP groups showed that C-reactive protein had the highest ability to differentiate, followed by Tr-Gal9 and ferritin. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that Tr-Gal9 and Ud-OPN but not FL-Gal9 and FL-OPN, had a significant association with laboratory markers for lung function, inflammation, coagulopathy, and kidney function in CP patients. CP patients treated with tocilizumab had reduced levels of FL-Gal9, Tr-Gal9, and Ud-OPN. It was suggested that OPN is cleaved by interleukin-6-dependent proteases. These findings suggest that the cleaved forms of OPN and galectin-9 can be used to monitor the severity of pathological inflammation and the therapeutic effects of tocilizumab in CP patients.
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