ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Regulation of Energy Substrate Metabolism in Endurance Exercise.
Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plant-derived alginate polysaccharide hydrogels in sport and exercise nutrition: implications for carbohydrate metabolism, gastrointestinal integrity, exercise recovery, and athletic performance.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of pearl millet diet on immunomodulating factors, physical performance and recovery in athletes: a randomised control trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Trial
- The importance of cross-talk in research and the body: An early career researcher perspective.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Exercise and Sports Metabolomics: Analytical Platforms, Metabolite Annotation, Pathway-Level Interpretation, and Biomarker-Panel Readiness.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Plasma Metabolite Profiles of Exercising American Foxhound Dogs Fed Different Diets.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Changes in the proteomic profile of athletes' plasma associated with exercise intensity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- 24-Hour Ultra-Marathon Running: A Narrative Review of Performance Factors and Physiological Impacts.Sports medicine - open · 2026Review
- Association Between Habitual Food Intake and Energy Metabolism-Related Urine Metabolites in Female Soccer Players.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Article
- Article
- The Role of Exercise in Fat Oxidation and Its Impact on Adolescent Metabolism.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Applications of food science innovations in sports nutrition: from laboratory research to endurance sports practice.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Burning fast & slow: a review of the differential metabolic routes of brown adipose tissue activity during cold exposure and their implications for populational variation.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Review
- Does Distance Matter? Metabolic and Muscular Challenges of a Non-Stop Ultramarathon with Sub-Analysis Depending on Running Distance.Nutrients · 2025Observational
- Two Tabata cycles in a single training set maximize fat oxidation after exercise in male college students with overweight/obesity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Hybrid ZrO₂@CNTs nanocomposite electrodes for ultra-sensitive glucose detection via electrochemical biosensing.Mikrochimica acta · 2025Article
- Impact of individualized and supervised strength training on muscle physiology, metabolic control and quality of life in metabolic myopathies.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Reversible reduction in brain myelin content upon marathon running.Nature metabolism · 2025Observational
- Comparing the Effects of Glucose-Fructose versus Glucose on the Oxidation Rate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Iranian journal of public health · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human body requires energy to function. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the cellular currency for energy-requiring processes including mechanical work (i.e., exercise). ATP used by the cells is ultimately derived from the catabolism of energy substrate molecules-carbohydrates, fat, and protein. In prolonged moderate to high-intensity exercise, there is a delicate interplay between carbohydrate and fat metabolism, and this bioenergetic process is tightly regulated by numerous physiological, nutritional, and environmental factors such as exercise intensity and duration, body mass and feeding state. Carbohydrate metabolism is of critical importance during prolonged endurance-type exercise, reflecting the physiological need to regulate glucose homeostasis, assuring optimal glycogen storage, proper muscle fuelling, and delaying the onset of fatigue. Fat metabolism represents a sustainable source of energy to meet energy demands and preserve the 'limited' carbohydrate stores. Coordinated neural, hormonal and circulatory events occur during prolonged endurance-type exercise, facilitating the delivery of fatty acids from adipose tissue to the working muscle for oxidation. However, with increasing exercise intensity, fat oxidation declines and is unable to supply ATP at the rate of the exercise demand. Protein is considered a subsidiary source of energy supporting carbohydrates and fat metabolism, contributing to approximately 10% of total ATP turnover during prolonged endurance-type exercise. In this review we present an overview of substrate metabolism during prolonged endurance-type exercise and the regulatory mechanisms involved in ATP turnover to meet the energetic demands of exercise.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.