A 15-Year Ecological Comparison for the Hiring Dynamics of Minnesota Pharmacies between 2006 and 2020.

Labor market forces in pharmacy are affected by frictional unemployment (job turnover), structural employment forces that require new skill sets for employees, and hiring practices that integrate technology or less costly labor such as pharmacy technicians. The objectives of this study were to describe hiring trends for both the pharmacist and technician workforces in licensed pharmacies on a biennial basis from 2006 through 2020 using data collected in Minnesota. Ecological comparisons were made between the survey years using descriptive statistics. For open-ended questions added to the 2020 survey, content analysis was applied. Demand for technicians increased which might be due to the expansion of their roles into activities that had been reserved for the pharmacist. Pharmacies reportedly would like to hire pharmacists to meet the demand for new services that pharmacists can provide. However, respondents articulated that this is not feasible under current economic pressures. This represents a lost opportunity for transformation in pharmacy that would establish pharmacists' roles in the rapidly transforming health care value chain. We conclude that hiring dynamics in pharmacies are being driven more by economic and organizational shifts than meeting the demand for services that pharmacists can provide.