ReviewMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Melatonin as a Topical/Systemic Formulation for the Management of Periodontitis: A Systematic Review.
Review in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical efficacy of melatonin as adjunctive therapy to non-surgical treatment of periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Inflammopharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Preoperative 15 mg of melatonin for reducing anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in mandibular third molar surgery: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2026Trial
- Preoperative 15 mg of melatonin for surgical discomfort, pain, edema and trismus in mandibular third molar surgery: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Trial
- Melatonin-Hydrogel Delivery Systems for Effective Treatments of Periodontitis: Translational Perspectives from Material Designs to Clinical Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Effect of Melatonin as an Adjunct to NSPT on Periodontal and Systemic Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of RCTs.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Effect of Melatonin Gel as an Adjunct to Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Adjunctive melatonin in periodontal therapy for type 2 diabetic patients: Systematic review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- High Salivary Malondialdehyde Levels Are Associated with Periodontitis Independently of Other Risk Factors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Bmal1 knockout aggravates Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis by activating the NF-κB pathway.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2025Article
- Article
- Melatonin and oral diseases: possible therapeutic roles based on cellular mechanisms.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Review
- Potential susceptibility genes in patients with stage III and IV periodontitis: A whole-exome sequencing pilot study.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2024Article
- Impact of Photobiomodulation and Melatonin on Periodontal Healing of Periodontitis in Immunosuppressed Rats.Journal of lasers in medical sciences · 2024Article
- The effects of melatonin on the viability and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of human stem cells from the apical papilla.Molecular biology reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Tooth-Implant-Supported Prosthetic Structures Versus Implant-Supported Restorations.Acta stomatologica Croatica · 2023Article
- Salivary Nitric Oxide Levels in Adults with Different DMFT Scores in a Selected Iranian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.Acta stomatologica Croatica · 2023Article
- Oral Health of Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention-A Possible Link between Periodontal Disease and In-Stent Restenosis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Chitosan-sEPDM and Melatonin-Chitosan-sEPDM Composite Membranes for Melatonin Transport and Release.Membranes · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo qualitatively and quantitatively review the use of melatonin as a topical/systemic formulation for the management of periodontitis. MATERIALS AND
methodsPubMed; Scopus; and Web of Science databases were searched using the MesH terms "melatonin" and "periodontitis". Title and abstracts were screened to eliminate irrelevant and duplicate articles. The full text data of the screened articles were assessed using the selection criteria.
resultsOf 176 identified articles (PubMed-66; Scopus-56; Web of Science-52; Cross-reference-2), only 12 studies qualified to be included in the systematic review. Four studies assessed the independent effect of 1% topical melatonin formulation while 8 articles assessed the adjunctive use of systemic melatonin formulation (1-10 mg) following scaling and root planing (SRP). All studies showed an improvement in periodontal parameters such as pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, periodontal disease index, community periodontal index, gingival bleeding scores, and prognostic marker levels in saliva and serum. A meta-analysis of data from 2 studies revealed that 1-2 mg (systemic) melatonin supplementation reduced pocket depth; although the difference was not statistically significant and hence cannot be interpreted or used for conclusive evidence. Risk of Bias Assessment tool (RoBANS) and Cochrane Collaboration RoB tool elicited a high risk of bias in the included studies. GRADE (recommendation assessment, development, and evaluation) inferred a weak recommendation for the use of melatonin in periodontitis management.
conclusionsMelatonin supplementation (topical and systemic) in periodontitis patients improved key periodontal parameters including pocket depth and clinical attachment loss. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Melatonin could be a potential host modulatory agent for periodontitis management; although the data from the present review should be interpreted carefully due to the associated high risk of bias.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.