ReviewDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Saliva Exhibits High Sensitivity and Specificity for the Detection of SARS-COV-2.
Review in Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The presence and relative abundance of salivary Fusobacterium nucleatum are not associated with colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Detection of HIV-1 Antibodies in Saliva of Persons Living With HIV Using Blood-Based First Response HIV 1-2.O Card Test.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2025Article
- Recent advances in RNA sample preparation techniques for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and gargle.Trends in analytical chemistry : TRAC · 2023Review
- SARS-CoV-2-neutralising antibody BGB-DXP593 in mild-to-moderate COVID-19: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 2 trial.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Saliva testing among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic: Effects on health concerns, well-being, and precautionary behavior.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2022Article
- Cohort profile:BMJ open · 2022Article
- Correlation between BMI and Oral Health Status (DMFT, PI, mSBI, and Salivary 1,5-AG) among the Pediatric Population in Saudi Arabia: A Clinico-Biochemical Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- An Insight Into Detection Pathways/Biosensors of Highly Infectious Coronaviruses.Molecular biotechnology · 2022Review
- Comparison of next generation diagnostic systems (NGDS) for the detection of SARS-CoV-2.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Article
- A Community Study of SARS-CoV-2 Detection by RT-PCR in Saliva: A Reliable and Effective Method.Viruses · 2022Article
- Don't forget me in amidst of COVID-19 pandemic: A case series and review of literature on steroid associated psychiatric manifestations.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Computed tomography-positive, SARS-CoV-2 RNA-negative symptomatic contacts of COVID-19 patients: what are their nature and implications?Future virology · 2021Article
- Diagnostics and management of tuberculosis and COVID-19 in a patient with pneumothorax (clinical case).Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2021Article
- An Assessment of the Impact of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic on National Antimicrobial Consumption in Jordan.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Swab and Sputum SARS-CoV-2 RNA-Negative, CT-Positive, Symptomatic Contacts of COVID-19 Cases: A Hypothesis-Generating Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study of Eight Clusters.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- COVID-19 in dental care: What do we know?Journal of oral microbiology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is crucial to assess the application of a multitude of effective diagnostic specimens for conducting mass testing, for accurate diagnosis and to formulate strategies for its prevention and control. As one of the most versatile and amenable specimen options, saliva offers great advantages for widespread screening strategies due to its non-invasive properties, cost-effectiveness, excellent stability and minimal risk of cross-infection. This review attempts to outline the scientific rationale for detection of SARS-COV-2 in saliva specimens. By combining the data obtained from ten chosen published clinical studies, we calculated the pooled sensitivity and specificity using an online calculator. Through evidence, we established that SARS-COV-2 is detectable in saliva with a high degree of diagnostic sensitivity (87%) and specificity (98%). We also presented a review of emerging technologies approved by the FDA for detection of SARS-COV-2 in oral fluids (saliva and sputum) using polymerase chain reaction methods. Given the challenges involved in obtaining invasive specimens from the naso- and oropharynx, saliva can serve as an easy to collect diagnostic specimen for screening in the work environment, schools and for home testing. Furthermore, saliva offers the opportunity to screen early cases that can be missed by invasive sampling.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.