ArticleNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Comparative Modeling of Frequency Mixing Measurements of Magnetic Nanoparticles Using Micromagnetic Simulations and Langevin Theory.
Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fundamentals and Applications of Dual-Frequency Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy: Review for Biomedicine and Materials Characterization.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Key Contributors to Signal Generation in Frequency Mixing Magnetic Detection (FMMD): An In Silico Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Frequency Mixing Magnetic Detection Setup Employing Permanent Ring Magnets as a Static Offset Field Source.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Multiplex Detection of Magnetic Beads Using Offset Field Dependent Frequency Mixing Magnetic Detection.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Applications and Properties of Magnetic Nanoparticles.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Dual frequency magnetic excitation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) enables enhanced biosensing applications. This was studied from an experimental and theoretical perspective: nonlinear sum-frequency components of MNP exposed to dual-frequency magnetic excitation were measured as a function of static magnetic offset field. The Langevin model in thermodynamic equilibrium was fitted to the experimental data to derive parameters of the lognormal core size distribution. These parameters were subsequently used as inputs for micromagnetic Monte-Carlo (MC)-simulations. From the hysteresis loops obtained from MC-simulations, sum-frequency components were numerically demodulated and compared with both experiment and Langevin model predictions. From the latter, we derived that approximately 90% of the frequency mixing magnetic response signal is generated by the largest 10% of MNP. We therefore suggest that small particles do not contribute to the frequency mixing signal, which is supported by MC-simulation results. Both theoretical approaches describe the experimental signal shapes well, but with notable differences between experiment and micromagnetic simulations. These deviations could result from Brownian relaxations which are, albeit experimentally inhibited, included in MC-simulation, or (yet unconsidered) cluster-effects of MNP, or inaccurately derived input for MC-simulations, because the largest particles dominate the experimental signal but concurrently do not fulfill the precondition of thermodynamic equilibrium required by Langevin theory.
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