ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, a Key Modulator of the Anti-Tumor Immune Response.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Update Prognostic Potency of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A in the Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Landscape: A Meta-Analysis.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Pooled it
- PD-1/ PD-L1 bispecific antibody IBI318 combined with lenvatinib in advanced non-small cell lung cancer with acquired resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors: a phase II trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- CEUS with VEGFR2-targeted microbubbles for monitoring of early immunotherapy effects in a colorectal cancer model.Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society · 2026Article
- Granzyme B, HIF-1α, VEGFA and SerpinB9 in the local tumour immune system of immune-stimulated slice cultures of head and neck cancer.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- CCHFV GP38 and GP85 interact with cell-surface glycosaminoglycans.Npj viruses · 2026Article
- Research Progress of Cuproptosis in Orthopaedics: Opportunities and Challenges.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Bioactive Peptides from Bovine Colostrum: Sources, Structures, and Biomedical Applications.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) biology and its proposed role in rheumatic diseases pathogenesis.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2026Article
- Electrochemical Biosensors for Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis Using Protein Biomarkers: Current Trends, Advances, and Clinical Translation Potential.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Functionally Characterizing the Renal Cell Carcinoma Tumor-Immune Microenvironment via Patient-Derived Ex Vivo Models.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- Recombinant adenoviruses application for cancer vaccines: from genetic design to clinical translation.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- The multidimensional regulatory network of the PD‑1/PD‑L1 axis in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment: Implications for novel combination therapies and precision immunotherapy (Review).Oncology reports · 2026Review
- Breast cancer pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- VEGF-Leptin Crosstalk in Breast and Ovarian Cancer: Drivers of Angiogenesis and Progression.Cancer management and research · 2026Review
- MYC and p53 Alterations Cooperate through VEGF Signaling to Repress Cytotoxic T-cell and Immunotherapy Responses in Prostate Cancer.Cancer research · 2025Article
- Endocrine disruption to metastasis: How phthalates promote breast carcinogenesis.Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2025Review
- Insulin resistance and cancer: molecular links and clinical perspectives.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Understanding molecular mechanism of diabetic wound healing: addressing recent advancements in therapeutic managements.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Age Related Macular Degeneration: Insights into the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE).International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors in the Vascularization of Pancreatic Tumors: Implications for Prognosis and Therapy.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During tumor growth, angiogenesis is required to ensure oxygen and nutrient transport to the tumor. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the major inducer of angiogenesis and appears to be a key modulator of the anti-tumor immune response. Indeed, VEGF modulates innate and adaptive immune responses through direct interactions and indirectly by modulating protein expressions on endothelial cells or vascular permeability. The inhibition of the VEGF signaling pathway is clinically approved for the treatment of several cancers. Therapies targeting VEGF can modulate the tumor vasculature and the immune response. In this review, we discuss the roles of VEGF in the anti-tumor immune response. In addition, we summarize therapeutic strategies based on its inhibition, and their clinical approval.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.