Trial reportNutrients2021
Calcifediol Treatment and Hospital Mortality Due to COVID-19: A Cohort Study.
Trial report in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 64 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Calcifediol in the Treatment of COVID 19. Modification of Therapeutic Response by Best Available Treatment or Other Treatment or Clinical Variables
Inclusion of Calcifediol in the Hospital Therapeutic Protocol for Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Disease (COVID-19). Mortality Analysis. Retrospective Study.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- Micronutrients, Vitamin D, and Inflammatory Biomarkers in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Causal Inference Studies.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Vitamin D Deficiency Meets Hill's Criteria for Causation in SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility, Complications, and Mortality: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation Post COVID-19 Infection and Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Severe COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- The impact of supplementing vitamin D through different methods on the prognosis of COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of vitamin D supplementation on COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- The effects of vitamin D on all-cause mortality in different diseases: an evidence-map and umbrella review of 116 randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Vitamins C and D and COVID-19 Susceptibility, Severity and Progression: An Evidence Based Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on COVID-19 Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical significance of micronutrient supplements in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation and clinical outcomes in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation to treat SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. Evidence from meta-analysis.Cardiology journal · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Impact of vitamin D supplementation on the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 pneumonia patients: a single-center randomized controlled trial.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2024Trial
- Trial
- High-dose versus standard-dose vitamin D supplementation in older adults with COVID-19 (COVIT-TRIAL): A multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled superiority trial.PLoS medicine · 2022Trial
- Treatment With 25-Hydroxyvitamin DEndocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2021Trial
- Vitamin D in the elderly: the phil-rouge in preventing bone, muscle and adipose deterioration?Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Review
- ALBACOVIDIOL Study: Effect of Calcifediol Treatment on Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: A Retrospective Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Observational
- Vitamin D and COVID-19: Clinical Evidence and Immunological Insights.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextCalcifediol has been proposed as a potential treatment for COVID-19 patients.
objectiveTo compare the administration or not of oral calcifediol on mortality risk of patients hospitalized because of COVID-19.
designRetrospective, multicenter, open, non-randomized cohort study. SETTINGS: Hospitalized care. PATIENTS: Patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 between 5 February and 5 May 2020 in five hospitals in the South of Spain.
interventionPatients received calcifediol (25-hydroxyvitamin D
main outcome measureIn-hospital mortality during the first 30 days after admission.
resultsA total of 537 patients were hospitalized with COVID-19 (317 males (59%), median age, 70 years), and 79 (14.7%) received calcifediol treatment. Overall, in-hospital mortality during the first 30 days was 17.5%. The OR of death for patients receiving calcifediol (mortality rate of 5%) was 0.22 (95% CI, 0.08 to 0.61) compared to patients not receiving such treatment (mortality rate of 20%;
conclusionAmong patients hospitalized with COVID-19, treatment with calcifediol, compared with those not receiving calcifediol, was significantly associated with lower in-hospital mortality during the first 30 days. The observational design and sample size may limit the interpretation of these findings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.