ReviewCells2021
Liver Fibrosis during Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-Infected Individuals. Truth or Tale?
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- The impact of the recent HIV non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors-based regimens on metabolic health outcomes: A narrative review.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Insulin Resistance Markers for Diagnosing Moderate to Severe Hepatic Steatosis in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Using Transient Elastography.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Associated Factors of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in People Living with HIV-1.Current HIV research · 2025Article
- Prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in people living with HIV and on antiretroviral treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Time Trends in Causes of Death in People With HIV: Insights From the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Risk Stratification of Advanced Fibrosis in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatic Steatosis Using the Fibrosis-4, Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fibrosis, and BARD Scores.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Risk Stratification of Advanced Fibrosis in HIV Patients With Hepatic Steatosis Using the NAFLD Fibrosis and BARD Scores.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Circulating levels of endotrophin and cross-linked type III collagen reflect liver fibrosis in people with HIV.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Burden and correlates of significant liver fibrosis among HIV-infected and uninfected adults in urban Uganda.Dialogues in health · 2022Article
- Type I interferons and TGF-β cooperate to induce liver fibrosis during HIV-1 infection under antiretroviral therapy.JCI insight · 2022Article
- Circulating MicroRNAs as a Tool for Diagnosis of Liver Disease Progression in People Living with HIV-1.Viruses · 2022Review
- Industrially Relevant Enzyme Cascades for Drug Synthesis and Their Ecological Assessment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Disability-adjusted life years associated with chronic comorbidities among people living with and without HIV: Estimating health burden in British Columbia, Canada.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Liver fibrosis progression in a cohort of young HIV and HIV/ HBV co-infected patients: A longitudinal study using non-invasive APRI and Fib-4 scores.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in HIV/HBV Patients - a Metabolic Imbalance Aggravated by Antiretroviral Therapy and Perpetuated by the Hepatokine/Adipokine Axis Breakdown.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Discordant Liver Fibrosis Predictors in Virologically Suppressed People Living with HIV without Hepatitis Virus Infection.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
After the introduction of antiretroviral treatment (ART) back in 1996, the lifespan of people living with HIV (PLWH) has been substantially increased, while the major causes of morbidity and mortality have switched from opportunistic infections and AIDS-related neoplasms to cardiovascular and liver diseases. HIV itself may lead to liver damage and subsequent liver fibrosis (LF) through multiple pathways. Apart from HIV, viral hepatitis, alcoholic and especially non-alcoholic liver diseases have been implicated in liver involvement among PLWH. Another well known cause of hepatotoxicity is ART, raising clinically significant concerns about LF in long-term treatment. In this review we present the existing data and analyze the association of LF with all ART drug classes. Published data derived from many studies are to some extent controversial and therefore remain inconclusive. Among all the antiretroviral drugs, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, especially didanosine and zidovudine, seem to carry the greatest risk for LF, with integrase strand transfer inhibitors and entry inhibitors having minimal risk. Surprisingly, even though protease inhibitors often lead to insulin resistance, they do not seem to be associated with a significant risk of LF. In conclusion, most ART drugs are safe in long-term treatment and seldom lead to severe LF when no liver-related co-morbidities exist.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.