ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Diabetic Retinopathy and NADPH Oxidase-2: A Sweet Slippery Road.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metabolic Dysregulation and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Glycogen Metabolism, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Antioxidant Defences.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Metabolic pathways and cell death modalities in diabetic complications: unraveling pyroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and disulfidptosis.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Eyedrop Administration of DPP-4 Inhibitors: A New Strategy for Treating Early Stages of Diabetic Retinal Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Neuroprotection in Diabetes Retinal Disease: An Unmet Medical Need.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Advantages of Chinese Medicines for Diabetic Retinopathy and Mechanisms: Focused on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2025Review
- The role of microglia in the development of diabetic retinopathy and its potential clinical application.Human cell · 2025Review
- α1D Adrenergic Receptor Antagonism Protects Against High Glucose-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Blood Retinal Barrier Breakdown in ARPE-19 Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Association of triglyceride glucose index with diabetic retinopathy in middle-aged and elderly ambulatory type 2 diabetic patients.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Role of ferroptosis in mitochondrial damage in diabetic retinopathy.Free radical biology & medicine · 2024Article
- Redox Regulation of Immunometabolism in Microglia Underpinning Diabetic Retinopathy.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Diabetic Retinopathy and Regulation of Mitochondrial Glutathione-Glutathione Peroxidase Axis in Hyperhomocysteinemia.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Correlation Between Thyroid-Related Hormones and Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Normal Thyroid Function: A Retrospective Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- Effects of Nox4 upregulation on PECAM-1 expression in a mouse model of diabetic retinopathy.PloS one · 2024Article
- Sustained Upregulation of Endothelial Nox4 Mediates Retinal Vascular Pathology in Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes · 2023Article
- DNA methylation in diabetic retinopathy: pathogenetic role and potential therapeutic targets.Cell & bioscience · 2022Review
- Regulation of serine palmitoyl-transferase and Rac1-Nox2 signaling in diabetic retinopathy.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Mechanistic Pathogenesis of Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Nephropathy and Retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Epac1 and PKA agonists inhibit ROS to reduce NLRP3 inflammasome proteins in retinal endothelial cells.Molecular vision · 2022Article
- Novel Therapeutics for Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema: A Pathophysiologic Perspective.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy remains the leading cause of vision loss in working-age adults. The multi-factorial nature of the disease, along with the complex structure of the retina, have hindered in elucidating the exact molecular mechanism(s) of this blinding disease. Oxidative stress appears to play a significant role in its development and experimental models have shown that an increase in cytosolic Reacttive Oxygen Speies (ROS) due to the activation of NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2), is an early event, which damages the mitochondria, accelerating loss of capillary cells. One of the integral proteins in the assembly of Nox2 holoenzyme, Rac1, is also activated in diabetes, and due to epigenetic modifications its gene transcripts are upregulated. Moreover, addition of hyperlipidemia in a hyperglycemic milieu (type 2 diabetes) further exacerbates Rac1-Nox2-ROS activation, and with time, this accelerates and worsens the mitochondrial damage, ultimately leading to the accelerated capillary cell loss and the development of diabetic retinopathy. Nox2, a multicomponent enzyme, is a good candidate to target for therapeutic interventions, and the inhibitors of Nox2 and Rac1 (and its regulators) are in experimental or clinical trials for other diseases; their possible use to prevent/halt retinopathy will be a welcoming sign for diabetic patients.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.