Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34063294›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Associations between Health Literacy and Sociodemographic Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study in Malaysia Utilising the HLS-M-Q18.

Arina Anis Azlan, Mohammad Rezal Hamzah, Jen Sern Tham, Suffian Hadi Ayub, Abdul Latiff Ahmad, Emma Mohamad

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

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  6. European health literacy survey questionnaire short form (HLS-Q12): adaptation and evidence of validity for the Brazilian context.Psicologia, reflexao e critica : revista semestral do Departamento de Psicologia da UFRGS · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Arina Anis AzlanCentre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-5484-1188
Mohammad Rezal HamzahCentre of Excellence for Social Innovations and Sustainability, Faculty of Applied and Human Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Perlis, Malaysia.
Jen Sern ThamDepartment of Communication, Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-5360-2959
Suffian Hadi AyubFaculty of Communication and Media Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia.
Abdul Latiff AhmadCentre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.
Emma MohamadCentre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-6076-9223

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Health literacy is progressively seen as an indicator to describe a nation's health status. To improve health literacy, countries need to address health inequalities by examining different social demographic factors across the population. This assessment is crucial to identify and evaluate the strengths and limitations of a country in addressing health issues. By addressing these health inequalities, a country would be better informed to take necessary steps to improve the nation's health literacy. This study examines health literacy levels in Malaysia and analyses socio-demographic factors that are associated with health literacy. A cross-sectional survey was carried out using the HLS-M-Q18 instrument, which was validated for the Malaysian population. Multi-stage random sampling strategy was used in this study, utilising several sampling techniques including quota sampling, cluster sampling, and simple random sampling to allow random data collection. A total of 855 respondents were sampled. Our results showed that there were significant associations between health literacy and age, health status, and health problems. Our findings also suggest that lower health literacy levels were associated with the younger generation. This study's findings have provided baseline data on Malaysians' health literacy and provide evidence showing potential areas of intervention.

Indexed as

Health LiteracyCross-Sectional StudiesFactor Analysis, StatisticalMalaysiaSurveys and Questionnaireshealth communicationhealth literacyHLS-M-Q18sociodemographic associations

Identifiers

PMID34063294
PMCPMC8125110

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.