ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Size-Exclusion Chromatography Separation Reveals That Vesicular and Non-Vesicular Small RNA Profiles Differ in Cell Free Urine.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Urinary Extracellular Vesicles Biomarkers in CKD: Clinical Laboratory Translation.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- RNA profiles differ between small and large extracellular vesicle subsets isolated from porcine seminal plasma.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Uromodulin and the study of urinary extracellular vesicles.Journal of extracellular biology · 2024Review
- miR-182, miR-221 and miR-222 are potential urinary extracellular vesicle biomarkers for canine urothelial carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Towards optimised extracellular vesicle proteomics from cerebrospinal fluid.Scientific reports · 2023Review
- Urinary extracellular vesicles as a source of protein-based biomarkers in feline chronic kidney disease and hypertension.The Journal of small animal practice · 2023Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Urinary extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their RNA cargo are a novel source of biomarkers for various diseases. We aimed to identify the optimal method for isolating small (<200 nm) EVs from human urine prior to small RNA analysis. EVs from filtered healthy volunteer urine were concentrated using three methods: ultracentrifugation (UC); a precipitation-based kit (PR); and ultrafiltration (UF). EVs were further purified by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). EV preparations were analysed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Western blotting, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and an Agilent Bioanalyzer Small RNA kit. UF yielded the highest number of particles both before and after SEC. Small RNA analysis from UF-concentrated urine identified two major peaks at 10-40 nucleotides (nt) and 40-80 nt. In contrast, EV preparations obtained after UC, PR or SEC combined with any concentrating method, contained predominantly 40-80 nt sized small RNA. Protein fractions from UF+SEC contained small RNA of 10-40 nt in size (consistent with miRNAs). These data indicate that most of the microRNA-sized RNAs in filtered urine are not associated with small-sized EVs, and highlights the importance of removing non-vesicular proteins and RNA from urine EV preparations prior to small RNA analysis.
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Registered trials
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