ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Neuroinflammation in Sepsis: Molecular Pathways of Microglia Activation.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- New trends and hotspots in Sepsis-associated encephalopathy research: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Diagnostic models for sepsis-associated encephalopathy: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- A multistage micro-nano biosystem prevents sepsis-associated encephalopathy through coordinated neuroinflammation suppression and gut-brain axis modulation.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Assessment of methylene blue and NAD on LPS-induced acute brain injury: effects on neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and blood-brain barrier integrity in a rat endotoxemia model.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Characterization of an isogenicInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- From Xenobiotic Exposure to Neuroinflammation: Mechanisms Linking Lipopolysaccharide Signaling to Depressive-like Behavior.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Review
- Adenosine A2a receptors offset cholinergic control of blood pressure, autonomic neuropathy, and brainstem neuroinflammation in sepsis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Impact of prenatal LPS on sepsis-related neurobiological outcomes.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Association of thiamine supplementation with 30-day mortality among ICU patients with sepsis-associated delirium.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- HAT regimen attenuates NF-κb-driven megakaryocyte apoptosis and neuronal cell death in sepsis: convergent mechanisms protecting thrombocytopenia and cognitive function.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in sepsis-associated encephalopathy: pathophysiological rationale, preclinical evidence, and translational challenges.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Sepsis in multimorbidity: a domain-based framework for systemic vulnerability and precision care.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- miR-511-3p dysregulation-mediated AKT3/USP8 signaling imbalance: a molecular bridge between neuroinflammation and PSCI.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Glial Cells as Central Players in Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Damage Caused by Bacterial Pneumonia.Neuroimmunomodulation · 2026Review
- Emerging Nanomedicine Strategies for Sepsis: Immunomodulation and Beyond.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Bloodstream Infection-induced Neuroinflammation: from Systemic Infection To Brain Invasion.Current microbiology · 2025Review
- The role of microglia in sepsis-associated encephalopathy: a narrative review.Translational pediatrics · 2025Review
- The Redox Revolution in Brain Medicine: Targeting Oxidative Stress with AI, Multi-Omics and Mitochondrial Therapies for the Precision Eradication of Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Pharmacological inhibition of the cGAS-STING pathway suppresses microglia pyroptosis in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Role of Central Inflammatory and Oxidative Pathways in the Morphine Exacerbation of Cardiovascular Effects of Sepsis in Rats.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Frequently underestimated, encephalopathy or delirium are common neurological manifestations associated with sepsis. Brain dysfunction occurs in up to 80% of cases and is directly associated with increased mortality and long-term neurocognitive consequences. Although the central nervous system (CNS) has been classically viewed as an immune-privileged system, neuroinflammation is emerging as a central mechanism of brain dysfunction in sepsis. Microglial cells are major players in this setting. Here, we aimed to discuss the current knowledge on how the brain is affected by peripheral immune activation in sepsis and the role of microglia in these processes. This review focused on the molecular pathways of microglial activity in sepsis, its regulatory mechanisms, and their interaction with other CNS cells, especially with neuronal cells and circuits.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.