ArticleAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)2021
Formulation of a Composite Nasal Spray Enabling Enhanced Surface Coverage and Prophylaxis of SARS-COV-2.
Article in Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of Mouth Rinses and Nasal Spray in the Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis ofInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Dual-Action Niclosamide-Polysaccharide Nasal Spray for the Early Therapeutic Intervention of Respiratory Viral Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Nasal Spray Disinfectant for Respiratory Infections Based on Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles: A Physicochemical and Docking Approach.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sprayable anti-adhesive hydrogel for peritoneal macrophage scavenging in post-surgical applications.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Intranasal mask for protecting the respiratory tract against viral aerosols.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Degradable carrier-free spray hydrogel based on self-assembly of natural small molecule for prevention of postoperative adhesion.Materials today. Bio · 2023Article
- Porous Cellulose Thin Films as Sustainable and Effective Antimicrobial Surface Coatings.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2023Article
- Nasal sprays for treating COVID-19: a scientific note.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2023Review
- Safety in Rats of a Novel Nasal Spray Formulation for the Prevention of Airborne Viral Infections.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- A Supine Position and Dual-Dose Applications Enhance Spray Dosing to the Posterior Nose: Paving the Way for Mucosal Immunization.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Prediction of transport, deposition, and resultant immune response of nasal spray vaccine droplets using a CFPD-HCD model in a 6-year-old upper airway geometry to potentially prevent COVID-19.Experimental and computational multiphase flow · 2023Article
- Can We Structure Biomaterials to Spray Well Whilst Maintaining Functionality?Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Polymeric Materials as Indispensable Tools to Fight RNA Viruses: SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Improving Nasal Protection for Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Therapeutic activity of fucoidan and carrageenan as marine algal polysaccharides against viruses.3 Biotech · 2022Review
- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Type 2-Causing Coronavirus: Variants and Preventive Strategies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Review
- Advances in the Prophylaxis of Respiratory Infections by the Nasal and the Oromucosal Route: Relevance to the Fight with the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Polymeric Materials as Potential Inhibitors Against SARS-CoV-2.Journal of polymers and the environment · 2022Review
- Review
- Nasally inhaled therapeutics and vaccination for COVID-19: Developments and challenges.MedComm · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Airborne pathogens pose high risks in terms of both contraction and transmission within the respiratory pathways, particularly the nasal region. However, there is little in the way of adequate intervention that can protect an individual or prevent further spread. This study reports on a nasal formulation with the capacity to combat such challenges, focusing on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Formulation of a polysaccharide-based spray, known for its mucoadhesive properties, is undertaken and it is characterized for its mechanical, spray distribution, and antiviral properties. The ability to engineer key mechanical characteristics such as dynamic yield stresses and high coverage is shown, through systematic understanding of the composite mixture containing both gellan and λ-carrageenan. Furthermore, the spray systems demonstrate highly potent capacities to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in Vero cells, resulting in complete inhibition when either treating, the cells, or the virus, prior to challenging for infection. From this data, a mechanism for both prophylaxis and prevention is proposed; where entrapment within a polymeric coating sterically blocks virus uptake into the cells, inactivating the virus, and allowing clearance within the viscous medium. As such, a fully preventative spray is formulated, targeted at protecting the lining of the upper respiratory pathways against SARS-CoV-2.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.