Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34059916›Full record

Trial reportSleep2021

Effects of ad libitum food intake, insufficient sleep and weekend recovery sleep on energy balance.

Christopher M Depner, Edward L Melanson, Robert H Eckel, Janine A Higgins, Bryan C Bergman, Leigh Perreault, Oliver A Knauer, Brian R Birks, Kenneth P Wright

Open access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Sleep, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Sleep, testosterone and cortisol balance, and ageing men.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2022
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Christopher M DepnerSleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Edward L MelansonDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Robert H EckelDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Janine A HigginsDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Bryan C BergmanDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Leigh PerreaultDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Oliver A KnauerSleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Brian R BirksSleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Kenneth P WrightSleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus · USUniversity of Colorado Boulder · USGeriatric Research Education and Clinical Center · US

Funding

PILOT STUDY--SUBSTRATE METABOLISM IN EXTREMELY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTSP30DK048520 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI JANINE A HIGGINS · 1995 to 2026
$32.6M
Biomarkers and Altered Metabolic Pathways during Sleep Loss and Circadian DisruptionK01HL145099 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI DEPNER, CHRISTOPHER MICHAEL · 2019 to 2023
$888k
NHLBI NIH HHS K01 HL145099NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK048520NIH HHS HL109706
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

objectivesInsufficient sleep is believed to promote positive energy balance (EB) and weight gain. Increasing weekend sleep duration to "recover" from weekday sleep loss is common, yet little is known regarding how weekend recovery sleep influences EB. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to assess how: (1) 2 days and 8 days of insufficient sleep and (2) ad libitum weekend recovery sleep impact EB (energy intake [EI] - energy expenditure [EE]).

methodsFollowing ten baseline days with 9 h per night sleep opportunities, participants completed one of three 10-day experimental protocols with ad libitum EI: control (9 h sleep opportunities; n = 8; 23 ± 5 years [mean ± SD]); sleep restriction (SR; 5 h sleep opportunities; n = 14; 25 ± 5 years); sleep restriction with weekend recovery sleep (SR + WR; 5 days insufficient sleep, 2 days ad libitum weekend recovery sleep, 3 days recurrent insufficient sleep; n = 14; 27 ± 4 years).

resultsTwenty-four hour EB increased (p < 0.001; main effect) by an average of 797.7 ± 96.7 (±SEM) kcal during the 10-day experimental protocol versus baseline with no significant differences between groups. Percent change from baseline in 24 h-EE was higher (p < 0.05) on day 2 of insufficient sleep (SR and SR + WR groups; 10 ± 1%) versus adequate sleep (control group; 4 ± 3%).

conclusionsIn this between-group study, the effects of adequate sleep and insufficient sleep, with or without or weekend recovery sleep, on 24 h-EB were similar. Examining EB and body weight changes using within-subject cross-over designs and "free-living" conditions outside the laboratory (e.g. sleep extension) are needed to advance our understanding of the links between insufficient sleep, weekend recovery sleep and weight-gain.

Indexed as

SleepSleep DeprivationEatingEnergy IntakeEnergy MetabolismHumanscatch-up sleepcircadian misalignmentinterindividual variabilitymetabolic dysregulationobesityovereatingsleep deprivationsleep losssleep restrictiontiming of food intake

Identifiers

PMID34059916
PMCPMC8598190
OpenAlexW3165450638

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.