ReviewAdvanced drug delivery reviews2021
Evolution of Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist therapeutics and their delivery approaches: From antiviral formulations to vaccine adjuvants.
Review in Advanced drug delivery reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 172 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronic Infections as Catalysts for Melanoma Aggressiveness: Insights into Tumour Microenvironment Modulation.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Pooled it
- The cell-type-specific roles of Toll-like receptors in herpes simplex virus infection and pathogenesis.Virulence · 2026Review
- Mechanistic modeling of tumor immune microenvironment reveals strategies to enhance antibody-drug conjugates' efficacy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Gardiquimod Nanoemulsion Targets Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Lesions Reducing Systemic Toxicity and Parasite Burden.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Engineering challenges and translational opportunities in emerging gene delivery platforms.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- Acidic-responsive nano liposomes potentiate in situ dual immunotherapy on lung cancer by codelivering antagonistic peptide and agonist.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Article
- Unfolding and Degradation of Micellar Immunodrug Carriers Derived From End Group Modified Aliphatic Poly(Carbonate)s with Acid-Responsive Ketal Side Groups.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Nanoparticle-Modified Nanofibers Induce Ferroptosis and Stimulate Antitumor Immunity for Melanoma Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Updates on Chromoblastomycosis: Evolving Insights in Clinical Management and Therapeutic Strategies.Current fungal infection reports · 2026Article
- Multifunctional hydrogels for synergistic therapy of cutaneous melanoma-associated tumor recurrence and wound regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Enhancing Cancer Therapy with TLR7/8 Agonists: Applications in Vaccines and Combination Treatments.Cancers · 2025Review
- Peptide Modulation Overrides Glycan Synergy in Gold Nanoparticle-Based Vaccines for Cancer Immunotherapy.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Advances and Strategies in Enhancing mRNA Cancer Vaccines.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Post-resection delivery of a TLR7/8 agonist from a biodegradable scaffold achieves immune-mediated glioblastoma clearance and protection against tumor challenge in mice.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Lung Cancer: The Role of Immunotherapy and HPV-Targeted Cancer Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- A photoactivatable tumor-targeting in situ nanovaccine for large-volume tumor therapy.Smart molecules : open access · 2025Article
- KRAS mRNA Spleen-Targeting Lipid Nanoparticles Synergize with Irinotecan Silicasomes to Robustly Augment the Cancer Immunity Cycle in Pancreatic Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Multiscale dynamic immunomodulation by a nanoemulsified Trojan-TLR7/8 adjuvant for robust protection against heterologous pandemic and endemic viruses.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Article
- Nanoparticle-Based Delivery Strategies for Combating Drug Resistance in Cancer Therapeutics.Cancers · 2025Review
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Imidazoquinoline derivatives (IMDs) and related compounds function as synthetic agonists of Toll-like receptors 7 and 8 (TLR7/8) and one is FDA approved for topical antiviral and skin cancer treatments. Nevertheless, these innate immune system-activating drugs have potentially much broader therapeutic utility; they have been pursued as antitumor immunomodulatory agents and more recently as candidate vaccine adjuvants for cancer and infectious disease. The broad expression profiles of TLR7/8, poor pharmacokinetic properties of IMDs, and toxicities associated with systemic administration, however, are formidable barriers to successful clinical translation. Herein, we review IMD formulations that have advanced to the clinic and discuss issues related to biodistribution and toxicity that have hampered the further development of these compounds. Recent strategies aimed at enhancing safety and efficacy, particularly through the use of bioconjugates and nanoparticle formulations that alter pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and cellular targeting, are described. Finally, key aspects of the biology of TLR7 signaling, such as TLR7 tolerance, that may need to be considered in the development of new IMD therapeutics are discussed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.