Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34056507›Full record

ArticleJB & JS open access

Pain Trajectories Following Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Correction: Analysis of Predictors and Functional Outcomes.

Kristen M Bailey, Jason J Howard, Ron El-Hawary, Jill Chorney

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JB & JS open access. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07737886 (Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Effects of Virtual Reality for Pain, Anxiety and Recovery Enhancement of Children Post-Scoliosis Surgical Repair), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07737886 nanot yet recruitingnot on this map

Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Effects of Virtual Reality for Pain, Anxiety and Recovery Enhancement of Children Post-Scoliosis Surgical Repair: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Parallel Trial (VR-SPINE)

TypeinterventionalSponsorSt. Justine's HospitalRan2026 to 2028Enrolled24ConditionsScoliosis PatientsArmsVirtual Reality, Standard medical treatment
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  14. Defining "successful" treatment outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a scoping review.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023
    Article
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  16. Pilot Investigation of Somatosensory Functioning and Pain Catastrophizing in Pediatric Spinal Fusion Surgery.Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Kristen M BaileyCentre for Pediatric Pain Research (K.M.B. and J.C.) and Division of Orthopedic Surgery (R.E.-H.), IWK Health Centre, and Department of Psychology & Neuroscience (K.M.B. and J.C.), and Department of Psychiatry (J.C.), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Jason J HowardDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware.
Ron El-HawaryCentre for Pediatric Pain Research (K.M.B. and J.C.) and Division of Orthopedic Surgery (R.E.-H.), IWK Health Centre, and Department of Psychology & Neuroscience (K.M.B. and J.C.), and Department of Psychiatry (J.C.), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Jill ChorneyCentre for Pediatric Pain Research (K.M.B. and J.C.) and Division of Orthopedic Surgery (R.E.-H.), IWK Health Centre, and Department of Psychology & Neuroscience (K.M.B. and J.C.), and Department of Psychiatry (J.C.), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA better understanding of early pain trajectories (patterns) following scoliosis surgery and how they relate to baseline patient characteristics and functional outcomes may allow for the development of mitigating strategies to improve patient outcomes.

methodsThis was a prospective cohort study. Adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis were recruited across multiple centers. Latent growth mixture modeling techniques were used to determine pain trajectories over the first postoperative year.

resultsThe median numerical rating scale for pain in the hospital following surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis was 5.0. It improved to 1.0 by 6 weeks, and was maintained at <1 by 3 to 12 months postoperatively. Three trajectories were identified, 2 of which involved moderate acute postoperative pain: 1 with good resolution and 1 with incomplete resolution by 1 year. The third trajectory involved mild acute postoperative pain with good resolution by 1 year. Membership in the "moderate pain with incomplete resolution" trajectory was predicted by higher baseline pain and anxiety, and patients in this trajectory reported worse quality of life than those in the trajectories with good resolution.

conclusionsPain recovery following surgery for idiopathic scoliosis was found to be substantial during the first 6 weeks and continued up to 1 year. We identified 3 main trajectories, 2 with favorable outcomes and 1 with persistent pain and worse quality of life at 1 year postoperatively. The risk factors most associated with the latter trajectory included increased baseline pain and anxiety. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Identifiers

PMID34056507
PMCPMC8154436

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.