ArticleJournal of the Endocrine Society2021
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Transdermal and Injection Testosterone Therapy in Klinefelter Syndrome: A Real-Life Study.
Article in Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pubertal induction and transition to adult sex hormone replacement in patients with congenital pituitary or gonadal reproductive hormone deficiency: an Endo-ERN clinical practice guideline.European journal of endocrinology · 2022Guideline
- Increased MAP-1 and lectin complement activation capacity in Klinefelter syndrome.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Understanding the Secular Decline in Testosterone: Mechanisms, Consequences, and Clinical Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Klinefelter syndrome beyond hypogonadism: multisystem manifestations and a framework for clinical surveillance.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular risk and mortality in men receiving testosterone replacement therapy for Klinefelter syndrome in Denmark: a retrospective cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Article
- Mild liver dysfunction in Klinefelter syndrome is associated with abdominal obesity and elevated lipids but not testosterone treatment.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Article
- Morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomics in Klinefelter syndrome and 47,XYY syndrome: a comparative review.Endocrine connections · 2023Review
- Individuals with numerical and structural variations of sex chromosomes: interdisciplinary management with focus on fertility potential.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Reduced fibrin clot lysis in Klinefelter syndrome associated with hypogonadism.Endocrine connections · 2022Article
- Review
- Population-based Assessment of Cardiometabolic-related Diagnoses in Youth With Klinefelter Syndrome: A PEDSnet Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
- Metabolic Profile in a Cohort of Young Sicilian Patients with Klinefelter's Syndrome: The Role of Irisin.International journal of endocrinology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextKlinefelter Syndrome (KS) is the most frequent sex chromosome disorder in males. Due to hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, treatment with testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is commonly indicated. There are no international guidelines for the most appropriate TRT in KS.
objectiveWe aimed to evaluate how different routes of testosterone administration impact testosterone-responsive variables, as well as the development of later metabolic diseases and other complications.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective study covering 5 years from 2015 to 2020. Data on TRT, biochemical parameters, bone mineral density (BMD), medications, comorbidity, and karyotyping were derived from electronic patient records and The Danish Cytogenetic Register.
resultsA total of 147 KS males were included: 81 received injection TRT, 61 received transdermal TRT, and 5 did not receive TRT. Testosterone levels were similar in the 2 TRT groups (
conclusionTRT, irrespective of route of administration, affects androgen-responsive variables similarly in males with KS. Neither long-acting injection nor transdermal gel seem to reduce the risk of metabolic diseases significantly. These results should encourage clinicians in seeking the route of administration resulting in the highest degree of adhesion to treatment based on individual patient preferences. Implementation of shared decision-making with patients may be important when choosing TRT.
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Registered trials
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