ArticleACS central science2021
Assessing Antigen Structural Integrity through Glycosylation Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 Viral Spike.
Article in ACS central science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Spike-Linked HPV16 E7 DNA Vaccine Induces Potent Antitumor and Anti-Spike Immune Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- Spike conformational and glycan heterogeneity associated with furin cleavage causes incomplete neutralization of SARS-CoV-2.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Identification of SARS-CoV-2-binding lectins on a commercial lectin array.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Current and Near-Future Technologies to Quantify Nanoparticle Therapeutic Loading Efficiency and Surface Coating Efficiency with Targeted Moieties.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Structural and Functional Glycosylation of the Abdala COVID-19 Vaccine.Glycobiology · 2025Article
- Restoring protein glycosylation with GlycoShape.Nature methods · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Assembly: Gaining Infectivity and Beyond.Viruses · 2024Review
- The role of N-glycosylation in spike antigenicity for the SARS-CoV-2 gamma variant.Glycobiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Immune Epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Considerations for Universal Vaccine Development.ImmunoHorizons · 2024Review
- Many Roles of Carbohydrates: A Computational Spotlight on the Coronavirus S Protein Binding.ACS applied bio materials · 2024Review
- MVA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates encoding different spike protein conformations induce distinct early transcriptional responses which may impact subsequent adaptive immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- PdPANA: phagemid display as peptide array for neutralizing antibodies, an engineeredFrontiers in systems biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Effects of N-glycan modifications on spike expression, virus infectivity, and neutralization sensitivity in ancestral compared to Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Immune Epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Considerations for Universal Vaccine Development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Simplifying glycan monitoring of complex antigens such as the SARS-CoV-2 spike to accelerate vaccine development.Communications chemistry · 2023Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the causative pathogen of the COVID-19 pandemic which as of March 29, 2021, has claimed 2 776 175 lives worldwide. Vaccine development efforts focus on the viral trimeric spike glycoprotein as the main target of the humoral immune response. Viral spikes carry glycans that facilitate immune evasion by shielding specific protein epitopes from antibody neutralization, and antigen efficacy is influenced by spike glycoprotein production in vivo. Therefore, immunogen integrity is important for glycoprotein-based vaccine candidates. Here, we show how site-specific glycosylation differs between virus-derived spikes, wild-type, non-stabilized spikes expressed from a plasmid with a CMV promoter and tPA signal sequence, and commonly used recombinant, engineered spike glycoproteins. Furthermore, we show that their distinctive cellular secretion pathways result in different protein glycosylation and secretion patterns, including shedding of spike monomeric subunits for the non-stabilized wild-type spike tested, which may have implications for the resulting immune response and vaccine design.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.