ArticleJournal of immunology research2021
Autoimmune Encephalitis in Tunisia: Report of a Pediatric Cohort.
Article in Journal of immunology research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Etiological spectrum, risk factors, and outcomes of pediatric acute encephalitis: a 17-year pediatric intensive care unit retrospective cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Research progress on the association between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and autoimmune encephalitis: a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The limbic and extra-limbic encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-65 antibodies: an observational study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Observational
- Case Report: Nystagmus as a core presenting sign in pediatric anti-Ma2 antibody-associated cerebellar ataxia: diagnostic implications from clinical and serological profiling.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Successfully treated anti-GAD limbic encephalitis in a 15-year-old diabetic boy with intravenous immunoglobulin: case report.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Article
- Co-existence of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 and anti-sry-like high-mobility group box receptor antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis: A rare case report.Epilepsy & behavior reports · 2024Article
- Meningoencephalitis associated with GAD65 autoimmunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Early predictors of new-onset immune-related seizures: a preliminary study.BMC neurology · 2022Article
- The Clinical Spectrum of Autoimmune-Mediated Neurological Diseases in Paediatric Population.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Anti-SOX1 Antibodies in a 3-Year-old Girl, Post-Varicella.Child neurology openArticle
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10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundAutoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a rapidly progressive encephalopathy caused by antibodies targeting neurons in the central nervous system generating specific immune responses. It is increasingly recognized in children.
objectiveTo describe clinical, neuroimaging, and laboratory features, treatment, and outcome in a cohort of Tunisian children with AE.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of all children attending the Department of Child and Adolescent Neurology (Tunis) with autoimmune encephalitis between 2004 and 2020. Clinical, neuroimaging, laboratory features, therapeutic data, and outcome were analyzed.
resultsNineteen children were included in the study (12 girls and 7 boys). The median age at diagnosis was 7.68 years (range: 10 months-13 years). The most frequent manifestations were seizures and behavioral disorders. Eleven cases were diagnosed with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, 4 cases with anti-Ma2 encephalitis, 3 cases with anti-GAD encephalitis, and 1 case with anti-SOX1 encephalitis. Brain MRI showed increased T2 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) signal of the temporal lobe in 5 patients. Eighteen patients showed improvement following first-line immunotherapy (high-dose corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin). One patient with anti-GAD encephalitis died despite escalating immunotherapy.
conclusionDiagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis is challenging in children, because of misleading presentations. An early and accurate diagnosis is important to enable proper therapeutic interventions.
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