Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34055029›Full record

ReviewEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM2021

Prevalence of the Use of Herbal Medicines among Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

John Baptist Asiimwe, Prakash B Nagendrappa, Esther C Atukunda, Mauda M Kamatenesi, Grace Nambozi, Casim U Tolo, Patrick E Ogwang, Ahmed M Sarki

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Article
  4. Evaluation of Web-based Information on Phytotherapy for Cancer Patients: A Quality and Readability Analysis.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2026
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  10. An in vitro evaluation of common botanical extracts on carboxylesterase 1 catalytic activity.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

John Baptist AsiimweDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-9204
Prakash B NagendrappaThe University of Transdisciplinary Health Sciences and Technology, Bangalore, India.
Esther C AtukundaDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
Mauda M KamatenesiFaculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Bishop Stuart University, Mbarara, Uganda.
Grace NamboziDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
Casim U ToloDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
Patrick E OgwangDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
Ahmed M SarkiSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Aga Khan University, Uganda Campus, Kampala, Uganda.

Funding

Patient-centered mobile technology interventions to improve maternal health in UgandaK43TW011004 · FIC · MBARARA UNIVERSITY/SCIENCE/ TECHNOLOGY · PI ATUKUNDA, ESTHER CATHYLN · 2018 to 2022
$542k
FIC NIH HHS K43 TW011004
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlthough herbal medicines are used by patients with cancer in multiple oncology care settings, the magnitude of herbal medicine use in this context remains unclear. The purpose of this review was to establish the prevalence of herbal medicine use among patients with cancer, across various geographical settings and patient characteristics (age and gender categories).

methodsElectronic databases that were searched for data published, from January 2000 to January 2020, were Medline (PubMed), Google Scholar, Embase, and African Index Medicus. Eligible studies reporting prevalence estimates of herbal medicine use amongst cancer patients were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Studies were grouped by World Bank region and income groups. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to explore source of heterogeneity.

resultsIn total, 155 studies with data for 809,065 participants (53.95% female) met the inclusion criteria. Overall, the pooled prevalence of the use of herbal medicine among patients with cancer was 22% (95% confidence interval (CI): 18%-25%), with the highest prevalence estimates for Africa (40%, 95% CI: 23%-58%) and Asia (28%, 95% CI: 21%-35%). The pooled prevalence estimate was higher across low- and middle-income countries (32%, 95% CI: 23%-42%) and lower across high-income countries (17%, 95% CI: 14%-21%). Higher pooled prevalence estimates were found for adult patients with cancer (22%, 95% CI: 19%-26%) compared with children with cancer (18%, 95% CI: 11%-27%) and for female patients (27%, 95% CI: 19%-35%) compared with males (17%, 95% CI: 1%-47%).

conclusionHerbal medicine is used by a large percentage of patients with cancer use. The findings of this review highlight the need for herbal medicine to be integrated in cancer care.

Identifiers

PMID34055029
PMCPMC8149249

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.