ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Inducible Tertiary Lymphoid Structures: Promise and Challenges for Translating a New Class of Immunotherapy.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer: their development, composition, clinical prognosis, and the drivers of the anti-tumor responses.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- The Emerging Role of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures as Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers of Immunotherapy in Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Acellular Adipose Tissue promotes anti-fibrotic remodeling in Phase II Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Decellularized lymph node scaffolds accelerate restoration of lymphatic drainage in rat hind limb lymphedema.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2025Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in gliomas: impact on tumour immunity and progression.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Targeting MARCO in combination with anti-CTLA-4 leads to enhanced melanoma regression and immune cell infiltration via macrophage reprogramming.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- TLR7/8/9 agonists and low-dose cisplatin synergistically promotes tertiary lymphatic structure formation and antitumor immunity.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Characterizing tertiary lymphoid structures associated single-cell atlas in breast cancer patients.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structures: exploring opportunities to improve immunotherapy in ovarian cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Artificial Tertiary Lymphoid Structures: Exploring Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a Platform for Immune Niche Formation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Targeting the TNF and TNFR superfamilies in autoimmune disease and cancer.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2024Review
- Spatial multiplexed immunofluorescence analysis reveals coordinated cellular networks associated with overall survival in metastatic osteosarcoma.Bone research · 2024Article
- In Vivo Stimulation of Therapeutic Antigen-Specific T Cells in an Artificial Lymph Node Matrix.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Biomaterial engineering strategies for B cell immunity modulations.Biomaterials science · 2024Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structural heterogeneity determines tumour immunity and prospects for clinical application.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Where Do We Stand?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structures: new immunotherapy biomarker.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Cancer Immunotherapy Using Bioengineered Micro/Nano Structured Hydrogels.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Review
- Tumor and local lymphoid tissue interaction determines prognosis in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
- Biomaterials for enhanced immunotherapy.APL bioengineering · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopically formed aggregates of organized lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells that occur in solid tissues as part of a chronic inflammation response. Sharing structural and functional characteristics with conventional secondary lymphoid organs (SLO) including discrete T cell zones, B cell zones, marginal zones with antigen presenting cells, reticular stromal networks, and high endothelial venues (HEV), TLS are prominent centers of antigen presentation and adaptive immune activation within the periphery. TLS share many signaling axes and leukocyte recruitment schemes with SLO regarding their formation and function. In cancer, their presence confers positive prognostic value across a wide spectrum of indications, spurring interest in their artificial induction as either a new form of immunotherapy, or as a means to augment other cell or immunotherapies. Here, we review approaches for inducible (iTLS) that utilize chemokines, inflammatory factors, or cellular analogues vital to TLS formation and that often mirror conventional SLO organogenesis. This review also addresses biomaterials that have been or might be suitable for iTLS, and discusses remaining challenges facing iTLS manufacturing approaches for clinical translation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.