ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021
Probiotic Bacteria and Their Cell Walls Induce Th1-Type Immunity Against
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Probiotic-Derived Antimicrobial Proteins and Peptides: Molecular Mechanisms, Clinical Applications, and Future Therapeutic Perspectives.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- A Defined Synbiotic Produces Immunomodulatory Metabolites, Engages Gut-Immune Pathways Relevant to Inflammaging, and Supports Healthy Aging in a Nematode Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Prophylactic effects of native swine probiotics on Salmonella Typhimurium infection: evidence from immune responses and gut microbiome stability.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Overview of the immunomodulatory role of bacterial probiotic-derived peptidoglycan: from molecular insights to therapeutic application.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Trained immunity using probiotics and inactivated pathogens enhances resistance to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection by activating the cGAS-STING signal pathway in mice and chickens.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Effects of probiotic3 Biotech · 2025Article
- Lacticaseibacillus casei K11 exerts immunomodulatory effects by enhancing natural killer cell cytotoxicity via the extracellular regulated-protein kinase pathway.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Intestinal Protection byMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Approach Targeting Gut Microbiome in Gastrointestinal Infectious Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- An exploration of alginate oligosaccharides modulating intestinal inflammatory networksFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Article
- Bacterial and Fungal Adaptations in Cecum and Distal Colon of Piglets Fed With Dairy-Based Milk Formula in Comparison With Human Milk.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Functional enrichment of gut microbiome by early supplementation of Bacillus based probiotic in cage free hens: a field study.Animal microbiome · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Probiotics have been associated with a variety of health benefits. They can act as adjuvant to enhance specific immune response. Bacterial cell wall (CW) molecules are key structures that interact with host receptors promoting probiotic effects. The adjuvant capacity underlying this sub-cellular fraction purified from
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.