ArticleJournal of public economics2021
The Effect of the US Safety Net on Material Hardship over Two Decades.
Article in Journal of public economics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Earned Income Tax Credit and short-term changes in financial strain and drug use.Health affairs scholar · 2026Article
- Material Hardship Among Affluent and Poor Households in the United States.Population research and policy review · 2026Article
- Safety Net Programs as Primary Prevention Against Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in the United States: Natural Experiments with Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Social Safety Net Programs: The Relationship With Drug Treatment Among Women.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Financial Strain and Child Health: Measures and Evidence From a Systematic Literature Review.AJPM focus · 2025Review
- Beyond Food Assistance: A Scoping Review Examining Associations of Nonfood Social Safety Net Programs in the United States With Food Insecurity and Nutrition Outcomes.Nutrition reviews · 2025Article
- Annual Research Review: Cash transfer programs and young people's mental health - a review of studies in the United States.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Review
- Article
- Investigating the Poverty-Reducing Effects of SNAP on Non-nutritional Family Outcomes: A Scoping Review.Maternal and child health journal · 2024Article
- The Association of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participation and Food Insufficiency among Households with Children in the United States during COVID-19.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Lessons Learned from the Lack of Increase in Food Insecurity during COVID-19.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Food Security in the Time of COVID-19 for a Marshallese Community.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- SNAP: The Most Important Component of Our Efforts to End Food Insecurity in the United States.American journal of public health · 2022Article
- Older Adults and the Food Security Infrastructure.Applied economic perspectives and policy · 2022Article
- Article
- Hardship Among Immigrants and the Native-born in the United States.Demography · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We address a question at the center of many policy debates: how effective is the US safety net? Many existing studies evaluate the effect of one program on economic hardship in isolation, though families typically participate in multiple programs. Using 1992-2011 data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation, our analyses examine the simultaneous effect of participation in three programs, TANF, SNAP, or Medicaid/SCHIP, on a set of outcomes of intrinsic importance-measures of material hardship. We find that a 10 percentage point increase in participation in any of these three safety net programs by low-to-moderate income families with children reduces their average number of hardships by 0.11 (-0.41 elasticity), and the incidence of food insufficiency by 1.7 percentage points (-1.27 elasticity). This analysis suggests that hardship would be even more prevalent in the United States without the existence of the current safety net programs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
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