Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34053254›Full record

ArticlePhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2021

Real-time nowcasting and forecasting of COVID-19 dynamics in England: the first wave.

Paul Birrell, Joshua Blake, Edwin van Leeuwen, Nick Gent, Daniela De Angelis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Effectiveness of social distancing measures and lockdowns for reducing transmission of COVID-19 in non-healthcare, community-based settings.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2023
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  12. Projecting COVID-19 intensive care admissions for policy advice, the Netherlands, February 2020 to January 2021.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Paul BirrellPublic Health England, National Infection Service, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK.
Joshua BlakeMRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, East Forvie Site Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 OSR, UK.
Edwin van LeeuwenPublic Health England, National Infection Service, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK.
Nick GentPublic Health England, Emergency Response Department, Porton Down, SP4 0JG, UK.
Daniela De AngelisPublic Health England, National Infection Service, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK.

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_UU_00002/11
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

England has been heavily affected by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, with severe 'lockdown' mitigation measures now gradually being lifted. The real-time pandemic monitoring presented here has contributed to the evidence informing this pandemic management throughout the first wave. Estimates on the 10 May showed lockdown had reduced transmission by 75%, the reproduction number falling from 2.6 to 0.61. This regionally varying impact was largest in London with a reduction of 81% (95% credible interval: 77-84%). Reproduction numbers have since then slowly increased, and on 19 June the probability of the epidemic growing was greater than 5% in two regions, South West and London. By this date, an estimated 8% of the population had been infected, with a higher proportion in London (17%). The infection-to-fatality ratio is 1.1% (0.9-1.4%) overall but 17% (14-22%) among the over-75s. This ongoing work continues to be key to quantifying any widespread resurgence, should accrued immunity and effective contact tracing be insufficient to preclude a second wave. This article is part of the theme issue 'Modelling that shaped the early COVID-19 pandemic response in the UK'.

Indexed as

Models, StatisticalPandemicsBasic Reproduction NumberCommunicable Disease ControlContact TracingCOVID-19EnglandForecastingHumansLondonSARS-CoV-2BayesianCOVID-19dynamicsforecastingnowcastingreal-time

Identifiers

PMID34053254
PMCPMC8165585

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.