Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34053167›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of clinical practice2021

Community pharmacists' preparedness and responses to COVID-19 pandemic: A multinational study.

Rania Itani, Samar Karout, Hani M J Khojah, Fatima Jaffal, Fatme Abbas, Reem Awad, Lina Karout, Rana K Abu-Farha, Mohamad B Kassab, Tareq L Mukattash

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of clinical practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Community pharmacy resiliency during Covid-19 pandemic in Iran: A qualitative study.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Upscaling the pharmacy profession: Knowledge and willingness of the Lebanese pharmacists to practice the administration of dermal fillers.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2022
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Observational
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Rania ItaniPharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4316-3224
Samar KaroutPharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4750-6434
Hani M J KhojahClinical and Hospital Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0586-1526
Fatima JaffalPharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Fatme AbbasPharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Reem AwadPharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Lina KaroutDepartment of Radiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
Rana K Abu-FarhaClinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
Mohamad B KassabDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Tareq L MukattashDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0200-9845

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCommunity pharmacists play a pivotal role in healthcare worldwide. Their role became more critical during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to investigate the community pharmacists' preparedness and responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and how efficiently they were prepared to contain and prevent the spread of infection.

methodsAn online questionnaire was distributed to community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, and Jordan through social media platforms. A scoring system was developed to measure their level of adherence to the preventive measures of the global infection.

resultsThe total included responses were 800. Around 44% of the pharmacists reported spending less than 15 min/d reading about COVID-19 updates. Although more than half of them were reviewing official sites, 73% of them were also retrieving information through non-official channels. Additionally, almost 35% of them were directly contacting customers without physical barriers, 81% reported encountering infected customers, and 12% wore the same facial masks for more than a day. Moreover, 58% of the pharmacies reported the absence of door signs requesting infected customers to declare the infection, 43% of the pharmacies were not limiting the number of simultaneous customers, and 70% were not measuring customers' temperatures prior to entry. Collectively, the mean total score of applied protective measures was 10.12 ± 2.77 (out of 17).

conclusionThe level of preparedness of the community pharmacies in these three Middle Eastern countries was not adequate for facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Health authorities in these countries should closely monitor their adherence to the protective guidelines.

Indexed as

Community Pharmacy ServicesCOVID-19Cross-Sectional StudiesHumansPandemicsPharmacistsSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID34053167
PMCPMC8236935

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.