Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34053007›Full record

ReviewTransgenic research2021

Removing politics from innovations that improve food security.

Stuart J Smyth, Alan McHughen, Jon Entine, Drew Kershen, Carl Ramage, Wayne Parrott

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Transgenic research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Stuart J SmythDepartment of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. stuart.smyth@usask.ca.ORCID 0000-0003-0837-8617
Alan McHughenDepartment of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
Jon EntineGenetic Literacy Project, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Drew KershenCollege of Law, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
Carl RamageOffice of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Wayne ParrottDepartment of Crop and Soil Sciences, Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics & Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
La Trobe University · AUUniversity of California, Riverside · USUniversity of Georgia · USUniversity of Oklahoma · USUniversity of Saskatchewan · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genetically modified (GM) organisms and crops have been a feature of food production for over 30 years. Despite extensive science-based risk assessment, the public and many politicians remain concerned with the genetic manipulation of crops, particularly food crops. Many governments have addressed public concern through biosafety legislation and regulatory frameworks that identify and regulate risks to ensure human health and environmental safety. These domestic regulatory frameworks align to international scientific risk assessment methodologies on a case-by-case basis. Regulatory agencies in 70 countries around the world have conducted in excess of 4400 risk assessments, all reaching the same conclusion: GM crops and foods that have been assessed provide no greater risk to human health or the environment than non-GM crops and foods. Yet, while the science regarding the safety of GM crops and food appears conclusive and societal benefits have been globally demonstrated, the use of innovative products have only contributed minimal improvements to global food security. Regrettably, politically-motivated regulatory barriers are currently being implemented with the next genomic innovation, genome editing, the implications of which are also discussed in this article. A decade of reduced global food insecurity was witnessed from 2005 to 2015, but regrettably, the figure has subsequently risen. Why is this the case? Reasons have been attributed to climate variability, biotic and abiotic stresses, lack of access to innovative technologies and political interference in decision making processes. This commentary highlights how political interference in the regulatory approval process of GM crops is adversely affecting the adoption of innovative, yield enhancing crop varieties, thereby limiting food security opportunities in food insecure economies.

Indexed as

Crops, AgriculturalFood, Genetically ModifiedFood SecurityHumansPlants, Genetically ModifiedPoliticsRisk AssessmentBiosafetyGenetic modificationGenome editingRegulationRiskScience-based

Identifiers

PMID34053007
PMCPMC8164681
OpenAlexW3165054475

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.