Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34052687›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2021

Predictors of US states' adoption of naloxone access laws, 2001-2017.

Robert M Bohler, Dominic Hodgkin, Peter W Kreiner, Traci C Green

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Robert M BohlerInstitute for Behavioral Health, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States. Electronic address: bohler@brandeis.edu.
Dominic HodgkinInstitute for Behavioral Health, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States.
Peter W KreinerInstitute for Behavioral Health, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States.
Traci C GreenInstitute for Behavioral Health, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States.

Funding

Research Support CoreP30DA035772 · NIDA · BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY · PI Maureen T Stewart · 2015 to 2026
$11.3M
Intervention to Increase Naloxone Engagement and Distribution in Community Pharmacies: A Four-State Randomized TrialR01DA045745 · NIDA · BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY · PI GREEN, TRACI C · 2018 to 2021
$3.1M
Comparing Medication Maintenance in Comprehensive Community and Pharmacy Settings to Enhance EngagementR33DA045848 · NIDA · RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL · PI GREEN, TRACI C · 2019 to 2021
$1.6M
Comparing Medication Maintenance in Comprehensive Community and Pharmacy Settings to Enhance EngagementR21DA045848 · NIDA · RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL · PI GREEN, TRACI C · 2017 to 2017
$284k
NIDA NIH HHS P30 DA035772NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA045745NIDA NIH HHS R21 DA045848NIDA NIH HHS R33 DA045848
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe opioid crisis has put an increasing strain on US states over the last two decades. In response, all states have passed legislation to implement a portfolio of policies to address the crisis. Although effects of some of these policies have been studied, research into factors associated with state policy adoption decisions has largely been lacking. We address this gap by focusing on factors associated with adoption of naloxone access laws (NAL), which aim to increase the accessibility and availability of naloxone in the community as a harm reduction strategy to reduce opioid-related morbidity and mortality.

methodsWe used event history analysis (EHA) to identify predictors of the diffusion of naloxone access laws (NAL) from 2001, when the first NAL was passed, to 2017, when all states had adopted NAL. A variety of state characteristics were included in the model as potential predictors of adoption.

resultsWe found that state adoption of NAL increased gradually, then more rapidly starting in 2013. Consistent with this S-shaped diffusion process, the strongest predictor of adoption was prior adoption by neighboring states. Having a more conservative political ideology and having a higher percentage of residents who identified as evangelical Protestants were associated with later adoption of NAL.

conclusionStates appear to be influenced by their neighbors in deciding whether and when to adopt NAL. Advocacy for harm reduction policies like NAL should take into account the political and religious culture of a state.

Indexed as

Drug OverdoseOpioid-Related DisordersAnalgesics, OpioidHumansNaloxoneNarcotic AntagonistsOpioid EpidemicUnited StatesAnalgesics, OpioidNaloxoneNarcotic AntagonistsNaloxoneNaloxone access lawsOpioid policyOverdose preventionState policy diffusion

Identifiers

PMID34052687
PMCPMC8282714

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.