ArticleBMC cancer2021
The role of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells and IDO+ immune and tumor cells in malignant melanoma - an immunohistochemical study.
Article in BMC cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune modulatory vaccines targeting tumor microenvironment antigens: recent advances in oncology and beyond.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Pediatric bronchiolitis disease severity is associated with immune checkpoint dysregulation.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Targeting inflammatory microenvironments: overcoming therapy resistance and immunosuppression.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Cancer immunoediting in the melanoma tumor microenvironment: from immune elimination to therapeutic resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Prognostic and predictive value of IDO expression in metastatic melanoma treated with Ipilimumab.PloS one · 2025Article
- Metabolic insights into tumor lymph node metastasis in melanoma.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2024Review
- Hydrophobic ion pairing and microfluidic nanoprecipitation enable efficient nanoformulation of a small molecule indolamine 2, 3-dioxygenase inhibitor immunotherapeutic.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Skin Cancer Microenvironment: What We Can Learn from Skin Aging?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Melanoma-derived mediators can foster the premetastatic niche: crossroad to lymphatic metastasis.Trends in immunology · 2023Review
- High density of FOXP3 predicts better prognosis in germinal and non-germinal centre diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.International journal of experimental pathology · 2023Article
- Beyond CTLA-4 and PD-1 Inhibition: Novel Immune Checkpoint Molecules for Melanoma Treatment.Cancers · 2023Review
- Newly identified form of phenotypic plasticity of cancer: immunogenic mimicry.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2023Review
- Investigation on the regulatory T cells signature and relevant Foxp3/STAT3 axis in esophageal cancer.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- The Association of CD8+ Cytotoxic T Cells and Granzyme B+ Lymphocytes with Immunosuppressive Factors, Tumor Stage and Prognosis in Cutaneous Melanoma.Biomedicines · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFoxP3+ Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) participate in the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in malignant cutaneous melanoma (CM). Recent studies have reported that IDO expression correlates with poor prognosis and greater Breslow's depth, but results concerning the role of FoxP3+ Tregs in CM have been controversial. Furthermore, the correlation between IDO and Tregs has not been substantially studied in CM, although IDO is known to be an important regulator of Tregs activity.
methodsWe investigated the associations of FoxP3+ Tregs, IDO+ tumor cells and IDO+ stromal immune cells with tumor stage, prognostic factors and survival in CM. FoxP3 and IDO were immunohistochemically stained from 29 benign and 29 dysplastic nevi, 18 in situ -melanomas, 48 superficial and 62 deep melanomas and 67 lymph node metastases (LNMs) of CM. The number of FoxP3+ Tregs and IDO+ stromal immune cells, and the coverage and intensity of IDO+ tumor cells were analysed.
resultsThe number of FoxP3+ Tregs and IDO+ stromal immune cells were significantly higher in malignant melanomas compared with benign lesions. The increased expression of IDO in melanoma cells was associated with poor prognostic factors, such as recurrence, nodular growth pattern and increased mitotic count. Furthermore, the expression of IDO in melanoma cells was associated with reduced recurrence-free survival. We further showed that there was a positive correlation between IDO+ tumor cells and FoxP3+ Tregs.
conclusionsThese results indicate that IDO is strongly involved in melanoma progression. FoxP3+ Tregs also seems to contribute to the immunosuppressive TME in CM, but their significance in melanoma progression remains unclear. The positive association of FoxP3+ Tregs with IDO+ melanoma cells, but not with IDO+ stromal immune cells, indicates a complex interaction between IDO and Tregs in CM, which demands further studies.
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