Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34051491›Full record

SynthesisThe Science of the total environment2021

Data-driven estimation of COVID-19 community prevalence through wastewater-based epidemiology.

Xuan Li, Jagadeeshkumar Kulandaivelu, Shuxin Zhang, Jiahua Shi, Muttucumaru Sivakumar, Jochen Mueller, Stephen Luby, Warish Ahmed, Lachlan Coin, Guangming Jiang

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The Science of the total environment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Review
  6. The potential of long-term wastewater-based surveillance to predict COVID-19 waves peak in Mexico.Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2025
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  7. Article
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  14. Wastewater-based reproduction numbers and projections of COVID-19 cases in three areas in Japan, November 2021 to December 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024
    Article
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  16. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Xuan LiSchool of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
Jagadeeshkumar KulandaiveluEnvironmental and industrial group, Urban utilities, Queensland, Pinkenba, Australia.
Shuxin ZhangSchool of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Australia.
Jiahua ShiSchool of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Australia.
Muttucumaru SivakumarSchool of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Australia.
Jochen MuellerQueensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 4102 Brisbane, Australia.
Stephen LubyStanford Center for Innovation in Global Health, Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States.
Warish AhmedCSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Qld 4102, Australia.
Lachlan CoinDivision of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
Guangming JiangSchool of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia. Electronic address: gjiang@uow.edu.au.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been regarded as a potential tool for the prevalence estimation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the community. However, the application of the conventional back-estimation approach is currently limited due to the methodological challenges and various uncertainties. This study systematically performed meta-analysis for WBE datasets and investigated the use of data-driven models for the COVID-19 community prevalence in lieu of the conventional WBE back-estimation approach. Three different data-driven models, i.e. multiple linear regression (MLR), artificial neural network (ANN), and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) were applied to the multi-national WBE dataset. To evaluate the robustness of these models, predictions for sixteen scenarios with partial inputs were compared against the actual prevalence reports from clinical testing. The performance of models was further validated using unseen data (data sets not included for establishing the model) from different stages of the COVID-19 outbreak. Generally, ANN and ANFIS models showed better accuracy and robustness over MLR models. Air and wastewater temperature played a critical role in the prevalence estimation by data-driven models, especially MLR models. With unseen datasets, ANN model reasonably estimated the prevalence of COVID-19 (cumulative cases) at the initial phase and forecasted the upcoming new cases in 2-4 days at the post-peak phase of the COVID-19 outbreak. This study provided essential information about the feasibility and accuracy of data-driven estimation of COVID-19 prevalence through the WBE approach.

Indexed as

COVID-19Wastewater-Based Epidemiological MonitoringHumansPrevalenceSARS-CoV-2WastewaterWastewaterArtificial neural networkCOVID-19Data-driven modelsSARS-CoV-2Wastewater-based epidemiology

Identifiers

PMID34051491
PMCPMC8141262

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.