Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34051308›Full record

ReviewAmerican journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation2021

The Promise of Tubule Biomarkers in Kidney Disease: A Review.

Joachim H Ix, Michael G Shlipak

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
113citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
16.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

113 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 167 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Serum Biomarkers of Renal Fibrosis: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Plasma Biomarkers of Kidney Tubule Health during Ambulatory AKI and Kidney Function Recovery in SPRINT.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026
    Trial
  6. Associations of Urine Biomarkers During Ambulatory Acute Kidney Injury With Subsequent Recovery in Kidney Function: Findings From the SPRINT Study.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2025
    Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Article
  12. Novel protein biomarkers for risk stratification and personalized medicine.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Observational
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Joachim H IxDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Nephrology Section, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, California; Kidney Research Innovation Hub of San Diego, San Diego, California. Electronic address: joix@health.ucsd.edu.
Michael G ShlipakKidney Health Research Collaborative, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, California; Division of General Internal Medicine, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California.
San Francisco VA Medical Center · USVA San Diego Healthcare System · US

Funding

The Aging Kidney in HIV-Infection: biomarkers for early detection of injuryR01AG034853 · NIA · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE/RES/EDU · PI ESTRELLA, MICHELLE M, SHLIPAK, MICHAEL G · 2010 to 2025
$9.6M
Kidney Tubular Damage and Dysfunction Identify a Novel Axis of Chronic Kidney DiseaseR01DK098234 · NIDDK · VETERANS MEDICAL RESEARCH FDN/SAN DIEGO · PI IX, JOACHIM H, SHLIPAK, MICHAEL G · 2014 to 2023
$5.6M
Kidney Tubule Dysfunction and Future Risk of Acute Kidney InjuryR01DK128803 · NIDDK · VETERANS MEDICAL RESEARCH FDN/SAN DIEGO · PI GUTIERREZ, ORLANDO M, IX, JOACHIM H · 2021 to 2024
$2.8M
Beyond the Glomerulus: Novel Clinical Markers of Kidney Health and PrognosisU01DK102730 · NIDDK · TUFTS MEDICAL CENTER · PI GUTIERREZ, ORLANDO M, IX, JOACHIM H · 2016 to 2020
$1.9M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG034853NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK098234NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK128803NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK102730
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

For over 70 years, serum creatinine has remained the primary index for detection and monitoring of kidney disease. Tubulointerstitial damage and fibrosis are highly prognostic for subsequent kidney failure in biopsy studies, yet this pathology is invisible to the clinician in the absence of a biopsy. Recent discovery of biomarkers that reflect distinct aspects of kidney tubule disease have led to investigations of whether these markers can provide additional information on risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and associated adverse clinical end points, above and beyond estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria. These biomarkers can be loosely grouped into those that mark tubule cell injury (eg, kidney injury molecule 1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1) and those that mark tubule cell dysfunction (eg, α

Indexed as

Renal Insufficiency, ChronicAlbuminuriaBiomarkersGlomerular Filtration RateHumansKidney TubulesBiomarkersAcute interstitial nephritis (AIN)acute tubule necrosis (ATN)biomarkerepidermal growth factor (EGF)interleukin 18 (IL-18)kidney damagekidney functionkidney injury marker 1 (KIM-1)monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1)renal tubulereviewtubular atrophytubular diseasetubule dysfunctiontubule injurytubulointerstitial fibrosisuromodulin (UMOD)α1-microglobulin (A1M)

Identifiers

PMID34051308
PMCPMC8545710
OpenAlexW3164129009

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.