ArticleImmunity2021
Distinct immunological signatures discriminate severe COVID-19 from non-SARS-CoV-2-driven critical pneumonia.
Article in Immunity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT04668170 (Identification of Predictive Immune Biomarkers Based on the Understanding of COVID-19 Pathogenesis to Influence Therapeutic Management), which is not on this map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Identification of Predictive Immune Biomarkers Based on the Understanding of COVID-19 Pathogenesis to Influence Therapeutic Management
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles with COVID-19 severity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Reviews in medical virology · 2023Pooled it
- First-in-human study of WT1 recombinant protein vaccination in elderly patients with AML in remission: a single-center experience.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2022Trial
- CytoVI: deep generative modeling of antibody-based single cell data.Nature methods · 2026Article
- Alterations of the host-lung microbiome metasystem in systemic inflammatory response syndrome is associated with secondary pneumonia.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Activated immune cells present a lung interstitial-to-airway/alveolar cross-compartment sharing pattern in severe pneumonia.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Article
- Long-term immune profiling of COVID-19 recovered patients: effects of disease severity and vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Possible role of pre-vaccination T-lymphocyte subpopulations in the antibody response to COVID-19 vaccines in children undergoing chemotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Derivation and external validation of community-acquired pneumonia subphenotypes in Southeast Asia: a secondary analysis of prospective cohort studies.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children: Revisiting Host-Virus Interactions Through Post-Infection Immune Profiling.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Beyond the Limits: How Is Spectral Flow Cytometry Reshaping the Clinical Landscape and What Is Coming Next?Cells · 2025Review
- NKT cells-a generalist in disease treatment and a new key to unlock immunotherapy.Immunotherapy · 2025Review
- Exploratory analyses of leukocyte responses in hospitalized patients treated with ozanimod following a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection.Immunology and cell biology · 2025Article
- Observational
- Efficacy and safety of asunercept, a CD95L-selective inhibitor, in hospitalised patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19: ASUNCTIS, a multicentre, randomised, open-label, controlled, phase 2 trial.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Compartmentalization of the inflammatory response during bacterial sepsis and severe COVID-19.Journal of intensive medicine · 2024Review
- Persistent immune abnormalities discriminate post-COVID syndrome from convalescence.Infection · 2024Article
- T-cell responses in COVID-19 survivors 6-8 months after infection: A longitudinal cohort study in Pune.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Article
- A practitioner's view of spectral flow cytometry.Nature methods · 2024Article
- Precision nutrition to reset virus-induced human metabolic reprogramming and dysregulation (HMRD) in long-COVID.NPJ science of food · 2024Review
- Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
26 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune profiling of COVID-19 patients has identified numerous alterations in both innate and adaptive immunity. However, whether those changes are specific to SARS-CoV-2 or driven by a general inflammatory response shared across severely ill pneumonia patients remains unknown. Here, we compared the immune profile of severe COVID-19 with non-SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia ICU patients using longitudinal, high-dimensional single-cell spectral cytometry and algorithm-guided analysis. COVID-19 and non-SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia both showed increased emergency myelopoiesis and displayed features of adaptive immune paralysis. However, pathological immune signatures suggestive of T cell exhaustion were exclusive to COVID-19. The integration of single-cell profiling with a predicted binding capacity of SARS-CoV-2 peptides to the patients' HLA profile further linked the COVID-19 immunopathology to impaired virus recognition. Toward clinical translation, circulating NKT cell frequency was identified as a predictive biomarker for patient outcome. Our comparative immune map serves to delineate treatment strategies to interfere with the immunopathologic cascade exclusive to severe COVID-19.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.