Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34051146›Full record

ArticleImmunity2021

Dysbiosis exacerbates colitis by promoting ubiquitination and accumulation of the innate immune adaptor STING in myeloid cells.

Liraz Shmuel-Galia, Fiachra Humphries, Xuqiu Lei, Simona Ceglia, Ruth Wilson, Zhaozhao Jiang, Natalia Ketelut-Carneiro, Sage E Foley, Susanne Pechhold, JeanMarie Houghton and 7 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Immunity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
87citing papers in PubMed
6.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

87 citing papers in PubMed, 133 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. SCD1 licenses STING signaling through fatty acid desaturation-mediated membrane remodeling.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
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  15. Frontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Article
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  20. Review

27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Liraz Shmuel-GaliaProgram in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Electronic address: liraz.galia@umassmed.edu.
Fiachra HumphriesProgram in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Xuqiu LeiProgram in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Simona CegliaDepartment of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Ruth WilsonProgram in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Zhaozhao JiangProgram in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Natalia Ketelut-CarneiroProgram in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Sage E FoleyDepartment of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Center for Microbiome Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Susanne PechholdFlow Cytometry core facility, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
JeanMarie HoughtonDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Khaja MuneeruddinDepartment of Biochemistry and molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Mass spectrometry facility, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Scott A ShafferDepartment of Biochemistry and molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Mass spectrometry facility, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Beth A McCormickDepartment of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Center for Microbiome Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Andrea ReboldiDepartment of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Doyle WardDepartment of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Center for Microbiome Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Ann Marshak-RothsteinProgram in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Katherine A FitzgeraldProgram in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Electronic address: kate.fitzgerald@umassmed.edu.
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School · US

Funding

Regulation of Lupus by Cytosolic DNA SensorsR01AI128358 · NIAID · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI FITZGERALD, KATHERINE A., MARSHAK-ROTHSTEIN, ANN · 2017 to 2021
$2.7M
Distinct Functional Outcomes of BCR/TLR7 and BCR/TLR9 Co-engagementR01AR066808 · NIAMS · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI MARSHAK-ROTHSTEIN, ANN · 2015 to 2019
$2.6M
Training in the Molecular Basis of Autoimmunity and AutoinflammationT32AI132152 · NIAID · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI Katherine A. Fitzgerald, Ann Marshak-Rothstein · 2018 to 2026
$1.6M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI128358NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI132152NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR066808
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alterations in the cGAS-STING DNA-sensing pathway affect intestinal homeostasis. We sought to delineate the functional role of STING in intestinal inflammation. Increased STING expression was a feature of intestinal inflammation in mice with colitis and in humans afflicted with inflammatory bowel disease. Mice bearing an allele rendering STING constitutively active exhibited spontaneous colitis and dysbiosis, as well as progressive chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. Bone marrow chimera experiments revealed STING accumulation in intestinal macrophages and monocytes as the initial driver of inflammation. Depletion of Gram-negative bacteria prevented STING accumulation in these cells and alleviated intestinal inflammation. STING accumulation occurred at the protein rather than transcript level, suggesting post-translational stabilization. We found that STING was ubiquitinated in myeloid cells, and this K63-linked ubiquitination could be elicited by bacterial products, including cyclic di-GMP. Our findings suggest a positive feedback loop wherein dysbiosis foments the accumulation of STING in intestinal myeloid cells, driving intestinal inflammation.

Indexed as

AnimalsCase-Control StudiesColitisDysbiosisFemaleHumansImmunity, InnateInflammationIntestinesMaleMembrane ProteinsMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMonocytesMyeloid CellsSTING ProteinMembrane ProteinsSting1 protein, mouseSTING Proteincolitiscoloncommensaldysbiosisintestinal inflammationmicrobiomemyeloid cellsSAVISTINGubiquitination

Identifiers

PMID34051146
PMCPMC8237382
OpenAlexW3164700519

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.