Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34050913›Full record

ReviewClinical reviews in allergy & immunology2021

Roles of Immune Cells in Hereditary Angioedema.

Anne Lise Ferrara, Leonardo Cristinziano, Angelica Petraroli, Maria Bova, Maria Celeste Gigliotti, Simone Marcella, Luca Modestino, Gilda Varricchi, Mariantonia Braile, Maria Rosaria Galdiero and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Mast cell mediators in hereditary angioedema.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2026
    Article
  3. Role of neutrophils in regulating vascular permeability in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Anne Lise FerraraDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1839-8873
Leonardo CristinzianoDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-2212
Angelica PetraroliDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5700-7164
Maria BovaDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7655-0696
Maria Celeste GigliottiDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6814-8237
Simone MarcellaDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4844-5810
Luca ModestinoDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2063-7124
Gilda VarricchiDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9285-4657
Mariantonia BraileDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3067-217X
Maria Rosaria GaldieroDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8086-9130
Giuseppe SpadaroDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7889-425X
Stefania LoffredoDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy. stefanialoffredo@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5871-1898
University of Naples Federico II · ITInstitute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology · ITFederico II University Hospital · IT

Funding

Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A. IIR-ITA-002138
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disease, characterized by recurrent and unexpected potentially life-threatening mucosal swelling. HAE may be further classified into HAE with C1-inhibitor deficiency (C1-INH-HAE) and HAE with normal C1-INH activity (nlC1-INH-HAE), mostly due to mutations leading to increased vascular permeability. Recent evidence implicates also the innate and adaptive immune responses in several aspects of angioedema pathophysiology. Monocytes/macrophages, granulocytes, lymphocytes, and mast cells contribute directly or indirectly to the pathophysiology of angioedema. Immune cells are a source of vasoactive mediators, including bradykinin, histamine, complement components, or vasoactive mediators, whose concentrations or activities are altered in both attacks and remissions of HAE. In turn, through the expression of various receptors, these cells are also activated by a plethora of molecules. Thereby, activated immune cells are the source of molecules in the context of HAE, and on the other hand, increased levels of certain mediators can, in turn, activate immune cells through the engagement of specific surface receptors and contribute to vascular endothelial processes that lead to hyperpemeability and tissue edema. In this review, we summarize recent developments in the putative involvement of the innate and adaptive immune system of angioedema.

Indexed as

Angioedemas, HereditaryBradykininComplement C1 Inhibitor ProteinHumansMutationBradykininComplement C1 Inhibitor ProteinAngiogenesisEndothelial cellLymphocyteMacrophageMast cellMonocyteNeutrophil

Identifiers

PMID34050913
PMCPMC8272703
OpenAlexW3164775904

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.