ReviewCancer science2021
CAR-NK cell in cancer immunotherapy; A promising frontier.
Review in Cancer science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 145 citations in OpenAlex.
- Erythrocyte-inspired biomaterials for cancer immunotherapy: Integration within the cancer-immunity cycle.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Harnessing immunity against breast cancer: from checkpoints to cell therapies.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Clinical application of cytokine-induced killer cells in cancer immunotherapy.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Tumor microenvironment dynamics in gastric cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Current Developments of CAR-T and CAR-NK Cell Therapies for Ovarian Cancer.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- A new era of natural killer cell immunotherapy in tumor treatment: latest advances and cutting-edge perspectives from basic research to clinical practice.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- A new era in CAR-NK cell therapy: from technological innovations to clinical applications.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Review
- The multidimensional regulatory network of the PD‑1/PD‑L1 axis in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment: Implications for novel combination therapies and precision immunotherapy (Review).Oncology reports · 2026Review
- Overcoming barriers in CAR-NK immunotherapy: CRISPR-Driven advances in checkpoint editing and allogeneic design.Functional & integrative genomics · 2025Review
- Pluripotent stem cell-derived chimeric antigen receptor-natural killer cells targeting epidermal growth factor receptor 2 for cancer immunotherapy.BMB reports · 2025Article
- Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer (CAR-NK) cells: from preclinical promise to clinical reality in cancer immunotherapy.Immunotherapy · 2025Review
- Tumor-Immune Interactions in Pediatric Oral Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Narrative Review on Immuno-Oncology and Emerging Therapies.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- IPSC‑derived NK cells for immunotherapy and therapeutic perspective (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- Prospects and applications of NK therapy in the treatment of gliomas (Review).Oncology reports · 2025Review
- Advancing CAR-based cell therapies for solid tumours: challenges, therapeutic strategies, and perspectives.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Tumor-educated cells in tumor microenvironment: Key drivers of immunotherapy resistance.Chinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu · 2025Article
- Lung Cancer Organoid System to Evaluate the Cytotoxicity of Natural Killer Cells.International journal of stem cells · 2025Article
- Chimeric Antigen Receptor Cell Therapy: Empowering Treatment Strategies for Solid Tumors.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Adoptive cell therapy for cancer: combination strategies and biomarkers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Cell-based immunotherapies for solid tumors: advances, challenges, and future directions.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 9 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have a unique facet of synthetic biology and offer a paradigm shift in personalized medicine as they can use and redirect the patient's immune cells to attack cancer cells. CAR-natural killer (NK) cells combine the targeted specificity of antigens with the subsequent intracellular signaling ability of the receptors to increase their anti-cancer functions. Importantly, CAR-NK cells can be utilized as universal cell-based therapy without requiring human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching or earlier contact with tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Indeed, CAR-NK cells can be adapted to recognize various antigens, hold higher proliferation capacity, and in vivo persistence, show improved infiltration into the tumors, and the ability to overcome the resistant tumor microenvironment leading to sustained cytotoxicity against tumors. Accumulating evidence from recent in vivo studies rendering CAR-NK cell anti-cancer competencies renewed the attention in the context of cancer immunotherapy, as these redirected effector cells can be used in the development of the "off-the-shelf" anti-cancer immunotherapeutic products. In the current review, we focus on the therapeutic efficacy of CAR-NK cell therapies for treating various human malignancies, including hematological malignancies and solid tumors, and will discuss the recent findings in this regard, with a special focus on animal studies.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.