ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2021
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Versus Influenza in Hospitalized Adult Patients in the United States: Differences in Demographic and Severity Indicators.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Teach-Back in Clinical Communication: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Differences in clinical characteristics between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza: a systematic review and meta-analysis.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and safety of concomitant administration of recombinant COVID-19 vaccine and quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in Chinese adults: An open-label, randomized, controlled trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Trial
- Comparing outcomes of COVID-19 and influenza among hospitalized adults in the European severe acute respiratory infection vaccine effectiveness (EuroSAVE) network, 2021-2024: a retrospective cohort analysis.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Comparative risk of post-acute sequelae following SARS-CoV-2 or influenza virus infection: A retrospective cohort study among United States adults.PLoS medicine · 2025Article
- Assessment of Influenza Testing Distribution in the United States for the 2021-2022, 2022-2023, and 2023-2024 Influenza Seasons: Online Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Integrating bioinformatics and machine learning to investigate the mechanisms by which three major respiratory infectious diseases exacerbate heart failure.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Bioinformatics and system biology approach to identify the influences among COVID-19, influenza, and HIV on the regulation of gene expression.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Comparative Clinical Assessment and Risk Stratification of COVID-19 and Influenza Infections in Adults and Children: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Bulletin of emergency and trauma · 2024Review
- Comparison of the clinical features and outcomes of severe seasonal influenza and COVID-19 patients in Tunisia between 2021 and 2022.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2023Article
- Comparing postacute care healthcare charges after hospitalisation due to influenza or COVID-19 infection in an all-payer administrative dataset in the USA: a retrospective cohort study.BMJ public health · 2023Article
- K-medoids clustering of hospital admission characteristics to classify severity of influenza virus infection.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2023Article
- Comparison of influenza and COVID-19 hospitalisations in British Columbia, Canada: a population-based study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2023Article
- The use of bioinformatics methods to identify the effects of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses on the regulation of gene expression in patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Herpesviridae lung reactivation and infection in patients with severe COVID-19 or influenza virus pneumonia: a comparative study.Annals of intensive care · 2022Article
- Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients with seasonal coronavirus infection and COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Antibody levels remain high to one-year's follow-up after moderate and severe COVID-19, but not after mild cases.Infectious diseases (London, England) · 2022Article
- Comparison of patient characteristics and in-hospital mortality between patients with COVID-19 in 2020 and those with influenza in 2017-2020: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study in Japan.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2022Article
- Comparison of hospitalized patients with severe pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and influenza A (H7N9 and H1N1): A retrospective study from a designated hospital.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNovel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is frequently compared with influenza. The Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (HAIVEN) conducts studies on the etiology and characteristics of U.S. hospitalized adults with influenza. It began enrolling patients with COVID-19 hospitalizations in March 2020. Patients with influenza were compared with those with COVID-19 in the first months of the U.S. epidemic.
methodsAdults aged ≥ 18 years admitted to hospitals in 4 sites with acute respiratory illness were tested by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing COVID-19. Demographic and illness characteristics were collected for influenza illnesses during 3 seasons 2016-2019. Similar data were collected on COVID-19 cases admitted before June 19, 2020.
resultsAge groups hospitalized with COVID-19 (n = 914) were similar to those admitted with influenza (n = 1937); 80% of patients with influenza and 75% of patients with COVID-19 were aged ≥50 years. Deaths from COVID-19 that occurred in younger patients were less often related to underlying conditions. White non-Hispanic persons were overrepresented in influenza (64%) compared with COVID-19 hospitalizations (37%). Greater severity and complications occurred with COVID-19 including more ICU admissions (AOR = 15.3 [95% CI: 11.6, 20.3]), ventilator use (AOR = 15.6 [95% CI: 10.7, 22.8]), 7 additional days of hospital stay in those discharged alive, and death during hospitalization (AOR = 19.8 [95% CI: 12.0, 32.7]).
conclusionsWhile COVID-19 can cause a respiratory illness like influenza, it is associated with significantly greater severity of illness, longer hospital stays, and higher in-hospital deaths.
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