ArticleScientific reports2021
Genetic and antigenic evolution of H1 swine influenza A viruses isolated in Belgium and the Netherlands from 2014 through 2019.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evolution of swine influenza surveillance and one health governance in Taiwan: from zoonotic risk management to integrated preparedness.Veterinary research communications · 2026Review
- Human-Origin Influenza A(H3N2) Viruses Revealed in Swine Farms During the Period 2022-2025 in Kazakhstan.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Diverse genomic landscape of swine influenza A virus in England (2014-2021).Microbial genomics · 2026Article
- Seroprevalence of coronaviruses of cattle and pigs in Belgian herds.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Influenza-Associated Ocular Complications: A Comprehensive Review of Viral Subtypes, Clinical Presentations, and Vaccination Risks.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Quantifying the zoonotic risk profile of European influenza A viruses in swine from 2010 to 2020 inclusive.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Human infections with Eurasian avian-like swine influenza virus detected by coincidence via routine respiratory surveillance systems, the Netherlands, 2020 to 2023.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Major change in swine influenza virus diversity in France owing to emergence and widespread dissemination of a newly introduced H1N2 1C genotype in 2020.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- Effect of stabilizers on the detection of swine influenza A virus (swIAV) in spiked oral fluids over time.Porcine health management · 2024Article
- Review
- Pathogenicity and escape to pre-existing immunity of a new genotype of swine influenza H1N2 virus that emerged in France in 2020.Veterinary research · 2024Article
- Mapping SARS-CoV-2 antigenic relationships and serological responses.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Article
- Surveillance and Genomic Characterization of Influenza A and D Viruses in Swine, Belgium and the Netherlands, 2019-2021.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Mapping SARS-CoV-2 antigenic relationships and serological responses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Introductions of Human-Origin Seasonal H3N2, H1N2 and Pre-2009 H1N1 Influenza Viruses to Swine in Brazil.Viruses · 2023Article
- Article
- Alternating 3 different influenza vaccines for swine in Europe for a broader antibody response and protection.Veterinary research · 2022Article
- Genetic Variability among Swine Influenza Viruses in Italy: Data Analysis of the Period 2017-2020.Viruses · 2021Article
- Improving Current Knowledge on Seroprevalence and Genetic Characterization of Swine Influenza Virus in Croatian Pig Farms: A Retrospective Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Surveillance of swine influenza A viruses (swIAV) allows timely detection and identification of new variants with potential zoonotic risks. In this study, we aimed to identify swIAV subtypes that circulated in pigs in Belgium and the Netherlands between 2014 and 2019, and characterize their genetic and antigenic evolution. We subtyped all isolates and analyzed hemagglutinin sequences and hemagglutination inhibition assay data for H1 swIAV, which were the dominant HA subtype. We also analyzed whole genome sequences (WGS) of selected isolates. Out of 200 samples, 89 tested positive for swIAV. swIAV of H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2 subtypes were detected. Analysis of WGS of 18 H1 swIAV isolates revealed three newly emerged genotypes. The European avian-like H1 swIAV (lineage 1C) were predominant and accounted for 47.2% of the total isolates. They were shown to evolve faster than the European human-like H1 (1B lineage) swIAV, which represented 27% of the isolates. The 2009 pandemic H1 swIAV (lineage 1A) accounted for only 5.6% of the isolates and showed divergence from their precursor virus. These results point to the increasing divergence of swIAV and stress the need for continuous surveillance of swIAV.
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