Trial reportAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2021
Treatment failure in giant cell arteritis.
Trial report in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01791153 (A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Tocilizumab in Subjects With Giant Cell Arteritis), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Tocilizumab in Subjects With Giant Cell Arteritis
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence on treat to target strategies in polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis: a systematic literature review.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of mavrilimumab in giant cell arteritis: a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2022Trial
- A systematic literature review to inform the 2025 EULAR recommendations for the management of polymyalgia rheumatica and primary large vessel vasculitis: management of disease including relapse and complications.EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Review
- Real-World Analysis of Patient Characteristics, Adverse Events, and Economic Burden Among Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis Treated with Glucocorticoids.Rheumatology and therapy · 2025Article
- Impact of early treatment on the relapse-free survival and glucocorticoid dosing in giant cell arteritis: a retrospective cohort study.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- A coding single nucleotide polymorphism in the interleukin-6 receptor enhances IL-6 signalling in CD4 T cells and predicts treatment response to tocilizumab in giant cell arteritis.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics and courses of Korean patients with giant cell arteritis: a multi-center retrospective study.Journal of rheumatic diseases · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of janus kinase inhibitors in relapsing giant cell arteritis in real-world clinical practice and review of the literature.Arthritis research & therapy · 2024Review
- Diagnosis, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Giant-Cell Arteritis: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Article
- Glucocorticoid discontinuation rate and risk factors for relapses in a contemporary cohort of patients with giant cell arteritis.Rheumatology international · 2024Article
- Advances and challenges in management of large vessel vasculitis.Rheumatology and immunology research · 2023Article
- Review
- Oral or pulse glucocorticoid use at the onset of giant cell arteritis and its influence on the risk of relapse: a retrospective study.Rheumatology international · 2023Observational
- Outcomes during and after long-term tocilizumab treatment in patients with giant cell arteritis.RMD open · 2023Article
- From Temporal Cell Arteritis to Giant Cell Aortitis Presenting as a Constitutional Syndrome: A Case Report.Cureus · 2023Article
- Advances in the Treatment of Giant Cell Arteritis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Review
- [Biologics for connective tissue diseases and vasculitides].Der Internist · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIdentify predictors of treatment failure in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) receiving tocilizumab in combination with glucocorticoids and in patients with GCA receiving only glucocorticoids.
methodsPosthoc analysis of the Giant-Cell Arteritis Actemra trial including 250 patients who received tocilizumab every week plus a 26-week prednisone taper (n=100), tocilizumab every-other-week plus a 26-week prednisone taper (n=49) or placebo plus a 26-week (n=50) or 52-week (n=51) prednisone taper in the intention-to-treat population. Responders for this analysis were patients who maintained remission (no GCA signs/symptoms and no erythrocyte sedimentation rate elevation) through week 52. Treatment failure was defined as inability to achieve remission by week 12 or relapse between weeks 12 and 52. Predictors investigated in univariate and multivariable analyses included patient characteristics, disease-related and treatment-related factors and patient-reported outcomes (PROs).
results149 patients received tocilizumab plus prednisone (TCZ/PDN) and 101 received placebo plus prednisone (PBO+PDN). After adjustment for confounders, treatment failure was significantly less likely in the TCZ/PDN group than the PBO/PDN group (OR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1 to 0.3; p<0.0001). Risk for treatment failure was significantly higher in women than men in the PBO/PDN group (OR, 5.2; 95% CI, 1.6 to 17.2; p=0.007) but not in the TCZ/PDN group. Predictors of treatment failure in the TCZ/PDN group included lower baseline prednisone doses and worse PROs at baseline.
conclusionThe strongest risk factors for treatment failure in GCA are treatment with prednisone alone and female sex. Lower starting prednisone doses and impaired PROs are associated with failure to respond to tocilizumab. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01791153.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.