Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34049501›Full record

ArticleBMC geriatrics2021

Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of PainChek® in UK Aged Care Residents with advanced dementia.

Ivana Babicova, Ainslea Cross, Dawn Forman, Jeffery Hughes, Kreshnik Hoti

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC geriatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06049732 (Psychometric Evaluation of the Electronic Pain Assessment Tool PainChek® Adult in Nursing Homes in the United States), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06049732 completednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Psychometric Evaluation of the Electronic Pain Assessment Tool PainChek® Adult in Nursing Homes in the United States

TypeobservationalSponsorPainChek LtdRan2023 to 2024Enrolled105ConditionsDementia, PainArmsPainChek®
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Digital Pain Assessment: Patient and Family Perspectives.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ivana BabicovaCollege of Health, Psychology & Social Care, University of Derby, Derby, UK. i.babicova@derby.ac.uk.
Ainslea CrossUniversity of Derby Online Learning, University of Derby, Derby, UK.
Dawn FormanCollege of Health, Psychology & Social Care, University of Derby, Derby, UK.
Jeffery HughesCurtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
Kreshnik HotiCurtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe aim of this study was to further validate PainChek®, an electronic pain assessment instrument, with a population living with dementia in a UK care home.

methodThis study utilised a correlational design to evaluate the psychometric properties of PainChek® when compared to the Abbey Pain Scale (APS). Blinded paired pain assessments were completed at rest and immediately post-movement by a researcher and a nurse. A total of 22 participants with a diagnosis of moderate-to-severe dementia and a painful condition were recruited using opportunity sampling.

resultsOverall, 302 paired assessments were collected for 22 participants. Out of these 179 were conducted during rest and 123 were immediately post-movement. The results demonstrated a positive significant correlation between overall PainChek® pain scores and overall APS pain scores (r = 0.818, N = 302, p < .001, one-tailed), satisfactory internal consistency (α = 0.810), moderate single measure intraclass correlation (ICC = 0.680) and substantial inter-rater agreement (κ = 0.719).

conclusionsPainChek® has demonstrated to be a valid and reliable instrument to assess the presence and severity of pain in people with moderate-to-severe dementia living in aged care.

Indexed as

DementiaAgedHumansPain MeasurementPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsUnited Kingdomdementiaobservational pain assessmentpainPainChek®validation

Identifiers

PMID34049501
PMCPMC8161561

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.