ReviewEndocrinology2021
Sensory Neurons, Neuroimmunity, and Pain Modulation by Sex Hormones.
Review in Endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sexually Dimorphic Neuroimmune Pathways in Chronic Pain: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms.Biomolecules · 2026Pooled it
- The genetic basis of endometriosis and comorbidity with other pain and inflammatory conditions.Nature genetics · 2023Pooled it
- Behavioral speech therapy intervention can improve the postoperative pain and performance status of lung cancer patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Trial
- Sex-related analgesic responses to photobiomodulation therapy in rats with neuropathic pain.Lasers in medical science · 2026Article
- A Thematic Narrative Review of Osteoarthritis Risk Factors Across the Female Life Course.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Dimethyl Fumarate and Cobalt Protoporphyrin IX Inhibit Fibromyalgia-like Pain by Modulating Region-Specific Redox Pathways.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Influence of menstrual cycle phases on post-endodontic pain: a comparative clinical study with male patients.Odontology · 2026Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of headaches in middle-aged and older Chinese adults with hypertension: a cross-sectional study based on CHARLS.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Sex differences in pain in 2 large and diverse US databases.Pain reports · 2026Article
- Influence of sex and gonadal hormones on pain perception in a neuropathic pain model in old rats.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas · 2026Article
- Weight-adjusted waist index and its association with diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in coastal Zhejiang province.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Beyond the optic disc: Investigating gender-based differences in optic neuritis.World journal of clinical cases · 2025Review
- Not Just Neurons: Pain Is Orchestrated in Partnership with Many Non-neuronal Cells.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Modeling Pain Without Injury: Inherited Rodent Models as Mechanistic Windows into Chronic Pain.Function (Oxford, England) · 2025Review
- Review
- Estradiol protects against pain-facilitated fentanyl use via suppression of opioid-evoked dopamine activity in males.Neuron · 2025Article
- Sex-related differences in postoperative patient-reported outcomes among lung cancer patients: a multicenter cohort study.BMC cancer · 2025Observational
- Article
- Associations between endogenous sex hormones and multisite chronic musculoskeletal pain.British journal of anaesthesia · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The inclusion of women in preclinical pain studies has become more commonplace in the last decade as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) released its "Sex as a Biological Variable" mandate. Presumably, basic researchers have not had a comprehensive understanding about neuroimmune interactions in half of the population and how hormones play a role in this. To date, we have learned that sex hormones contribute to sexual differentiation of the nervous system and sex differences in behavior throughout the lifespan; however, the cycling of sex hormones does not always explain these differences. Here, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of sex differences and how hormones and immune interactions influence sensory neuron activity to contribute to physiology and pain. Neuroimmune mechanisms may be mediated by different cell types in each sex, as the actions of immune cells are sexually dimorphic. Unfortunately, the majority of studies assessing neuronal contributions to immune function have been limited to males, so it is unclear if the mechanisms are similar in females. Finally, pathways that control cellular metabolism, like nuclear receptors, have been shown to play a regulatory role both in pain and inflammation. Overall, communication between the neuroimmune and endocrine systems modulate pain signaling in a sex-dependent manner, but more research is needed to reveal nuances of these mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.