ArticlePsychoneuroendocrinology2021
Ghrelin and PYY in low-weight females with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder compared to anorexia nervosa and healthy controls.
Article in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physical health complications in children and young people with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID): a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ paediatrics open · 2024Pooled it
- An Exploratory Study of Neural Response to Food Cues Following Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Trial
- Clinical Phenotypes and Neurobiology of Youth With Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) Across Sex.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Differential Impact of Cholecystokinin and Ghrelin on 2-Year Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Symptoms.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2026Article
- Rome V Pediatric Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction.Gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Dietetic-Led Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for ARFID: A Novel Approach to Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder With Case Studies.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025Article
- Mental and Somatic Conditions in Children With the Broad Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Phenotype.JAMA pediatrics · 2025Article
- Neural Response to Food Cues in Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Empirical Approaches to the Classification of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.The International journal of eating disorders · 2025Article
- Prospective 2-Year Course and Predictors of Outcome in Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2025Article
- Gut-derived appetite regulating hormones across the anorexia nervosa spectrum.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- A Role for the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: A New Conceptual Model.The International journal of eating disorders · 2024Review
- Difficulties in Emotion Regulation in Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.The International journal of eating disorders · 2024Article
- Trajectory of ghrelin and PYY around a test meal in males and females with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder versus healthy controls.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2024Article
- Relation between ARFID symptomatology and picky eating onset and duration.Eating behaviors · 2024Article
- Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: Review and Recent Advances.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2024Review
- Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder: recent advances in neurobiology and treatment.Journal of eating disorders · 2024Review
- Lower region-specific gray matter volume in females with atypical anorexia nervosa and anorexia nervosa.The International journal of eating disorders · 2024Article
- Co-existing mental and somatic conditions in Swedish children with the avoidant restrictive food intake disorder phenotype.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Clinical characteristics, treatment course and outcome of adults treated for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) at a tertiary care eating disorders program.Journal of eating disorders · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAvoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is characterized by restrictive eating and failure to meet nutritional needs but is distinct from anorexia nervosa (AN) because restriction is not motivated by weight/shape concerns. We examined levels of orexigenic ghrelin and anorexigenic peptide YY (PYY) in young females with ARFID, AN and healthy controls (HC).
methods94 females (22 low-weight ARFID, 40 typical/atypical AN, and 32 HC ages 10-22 years) underwent fasting blood draws for total ghrelin and total PYY. A subset also provided blood 30, 60 and 120 min after a standardized meal.
resultsFemales with ARFID ate less than those with AN or HC (ps<0.012); were younger (14.4 ± 3.2 years) than those with AN (18.9 ± 3.1 years) and HC (17.4 ± 3.1 years) (ps<0.003) and at a lower Tanner stage (3.1 ± 1.5) than AN (4.5 ± 1.1;) and HC (4.4 ± 1.1; ps<0.005), but did not differ in BMI percentiles or BMI Z-scores from AN (ps>0.44). Fasting and postprandial ghrelin were lower in ARFID versus AN (ps≤.015), but not HC (ps≥0.62). Fasting and postprandial PYY did not differ between ARFID versus AN or HC (ps≥0.13); ARFID did not demonstrate the sustained high PYY levels post-meal observed in those with AN and HC. Secondary analyses controlling age or Tanner stage and calories consumed showed similar results. Exploratory analyses suggest that the timing of the PYY peak in ARFID is earlier than HC, showing a peak PYY level 30 min post-meal (p = .037).
conclusionsARFID and AN appear to have distinct patterns of secretion of gut-derived appetite-regulating hormones that may aid in differential diagnosis and provide new treatment targets.
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