Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34049096›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2021

Exploring the relationship between the alcohol policy environment and nondiscrimination laws: Implications for binge drinking disparities among LGB adults in the United States.

Naomi Greene, Renee M Johnson, Joanne Rosen, Danielle German, Joanna E Cohen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Associations of Sexual Orientation and Sexual Orientation-Related State Policy Environments With Smoking and Lung Cancer Screening Outcomes Among US Adults.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
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  4. Internalizing symptoms, negative urgency, and coping motives: Potential pathways to alcohol consequences.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025
    Article
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  14. Associations of adult roles and minority stressors with trajectories of alcohol dependence symptoms throughout adulthood among sexual minority women.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2023
    Article
  15. Cancer disparities among sexual and gender minority populations.Journal of the National Medical Association · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Naomi GreeneDepartment of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 624 N. Broadway Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, United States. Electronic address: ngreene9@jhmi.edu.
Renee M JohnsonDepartment of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 624 N. Broadway Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, United States. Electronic address: rjohnson@jhu.edu.
Joanne RosenDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 624 N. Broadway Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, United States. Electronic address: jrosen55@jhu.edu.
Danielle GermanDepartment of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 624 N. Broadway Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, United States. Electronic address: danielle.german@jhu.edu.
Joanna E CohenDepartment of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 624 N. Broadway Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, United States. Electronic address: jcohen@jhu.edu.

Funding

NIDA Epidemiology Training Program: Johns Hopkins UniversityT32DA007292 · NIDA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI RENEE M. JOHNSON, Brion S Maher · 1993 to 2026
$17.7M
INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY FELLOWSHIPT32CA009314 · NCI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Corinne E. Joshu, Meghan Bridgid Moran · 1985 to 2026
$11.2M
NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009314NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA007292
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlcohol policies reduce population-level binge drinking; however, they may not reduce binge drinking disparities between different populations. We examined the association between the alcohol policy environment and binge drinking among Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual (LGB) and heterosexual adults in the presence and absence of state laws protecting LGB people from discrimination.

methodsThe 2015-2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) provided information about individual-level binge drinking, sexual identity, and individual-level covariates. The Alcohol Policy Scale (APS) score measures the strength of the alcohol policy environment. Presence of state-level nondiscrimination protections based on sexual orientation came from the Movement Advancement Project. Logistic regression models were used to test whether nondiscrimination statutes modified the association between the alcohol policy environment and binge drinking and whether this interaction differed for LGB and heterosexual adults.

resultsAmong women, a 10 percentage-point increase in APS score was significantly associated with 7% lower odds of binge drinking in states with inclusive nondiscrimination laws (aOR: 0.93 [95% CI: 0.89-0.97; p = 0.0003]) but was not associated with binge drinking in states without inclusive laws (aOR: 0.98 [95% CI: 0.93-1.03] p = 0.4781). Moreover, binge drinking disparities comparing lesbian/bisexual women with heterosexual women were narrower in states with inclusive nondiscrimination laws. No significant association was found among men.

conclusionsBinge drinking disparities between lesbian and heterosexual women are negligible in states with inclusive laws and strong alcohol policy environments. Inclusive nondiscrimination laws are an indicator of less structural stigma directed at lesbian and bisexual women.

Indexed as

Binge DrinkingSexual and Gender MinoritiesAdultBisexualityFemaleHumansMalePolicySexual BehaviorUnited StatesAlcohol policy environmentBehavioral risk factor surveillance systemBinge drinkingBisexualLegal epidemiologyLesbianStructural stigma

Identifiers

PMID34049096
PMCPMC8282708

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.