Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34048933›Full record

ArticleJournal of biomedical informatics2021

Detection of emerging drugs involved in overdose via diachronic word embeddings of substances discussed on social media.

Austin P Wright, Christopher M Jones, Duen Horng Chau, R Matthew Gladden, Steven A Sumner

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of biomedical informatics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Curation and Extraction of Drug-Related Entities from Reddit Platform.Proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
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  5. Article
  6. Investigating Substance Use via Reddit: Systematic Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Interpol Review of Drug Analysis 2019-2022.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2023
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Austin P WrightSchool of Computational Science & Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA; Office of Strategy and Innovation, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.
Christopher M JonesOffice of Strategy and Innovation, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.
Duen Horng ChauSchool of Computational Science & Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA.
R Matthew GladdenDivision of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.
Steven A SumnerOffice of Strategy and Innovation, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA. Electronic address: hvo5@cdc.gov.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · USGeorgia Institute of Technology · US

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Substances involved in overdose deaths have shifted over time and continue to undergo transition. Early detection of emerging drugs involved in overdose is a major challenge for traditional public health data systems. While novel social media data have shown promise, there is a continued need for robust natural language processing approaches that can identify emerging substances. Consequently, we developed a new metric, the relative similarity ratio, based on diachronic word embeddings to measure movement in the semantic proximity of individual substance words to 'overdose' over time. Our analysis of 64,420,376 drug-related posts made between January 2011 and December 2018 on Reddit, the largest online forum site, reveals that this approach successfully identified fentanyl, the most significant emerging substance in the overdose epidemic, >1 year earlier than traditional public health data systems. Use of diachronic word embeddings may enable improved identification of emerging substances involved in drug overdose, thereby improving the timeliness of prevention and treatment activities.

Indexed as

Drug OverdosePharmaceutical PreparationsSocial MediaHumansNatural Language ProcessingSemanticsPharmaceutical PreparationsDrug overdoseFentanylNatural language processingSocial mediaWord embeddings

Identifiers

PMID34048933
PMCPMC10901232
OpenAlexW3165747182

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.